Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27810712›Full record

ArticleJournal of affective disorders2017

Sleep architecture parameters as a putative biomarker of suicidal ideation in treatment-resistant depression.

Rebecca A Bernert, David A Luckenbaugh, Wallace C Duncan, Naomi G Iwata, Elizabeth D Ballard, Carlos A Zarate

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of affective disorders, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
6.4field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 97 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Examining fronto-limbic brain and sleep mechanisms of antidepressant effects in cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026
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  13. Suicidal risk among adolescent psychiatric inpatients: the role of insomnia, depression, and social-personal factors.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Rebecca A BernertSuicide Prevention Research Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. Electronic address: rbernert@stanford.edu.
David A LuckenbaughExperimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Wallace C DuncanExperimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Naomi G IwataSuicide Prevention Research Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Elizabeth D BallardExperimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Carlos A ZarateExperimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
National Institute of Mental Health · USNational Institutes of Health · USStanford University · US

Funding

A Sleep-Oriented Intervention for Suicidal BehaviorsK23MH093490 · NIMH · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI BERNERT, REBECCA A · 2012 to 2016
$907k
NIMH NIH HHS K23 MH093490
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDisturbed sleep may confer risk for suicidal behaviors. Polysomnographic (PSG) sleep parameters have not been systematically evaluated in association with suicidal ideation (SI) among individuals with treatment-resistant depression (TRD).

methodsThis secondary data analysis included 54 TRD individuals (N=30 with major depressive disorder (MDD) and N=24 with bipolar depression (BD)). PSG sleep parameters included Sleep Efficiency (SE), Total Sleep Time (TST), Wakefulness After Sleep Onset (WASO), REM percent/latency, and non-REM (NREM) Sleep Stages 1-4. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) was used to group participants according to presence or absence of SI. Sleep abnormalities were hypothesized among those with current SI. ANOVA analyses were conducted before (Model 1) and after adjusting for depression (Model 2) and diagnostic variables (Model 3).

resultsSignificant differences in PSG parameters were observed in Model 1; those with SI had less NREM Stage 4 sleep (p<.05). After adjusting for central covariates, Models 2 and 3 revealed significantly less NREM Stage 4 sleep, lower SE (P<.05), and higher WASO (P<.05) among those with SI. BD participants with SI also had less NREM Stage 4 and more NREM Stage 1 sleep. LIMITATIONS: 1) a predominantly white sample; 2) exclusion of imminent suicide risk; 3) concomitant mood stabilizer use among BD patients; and 4) single-item SI assessment.

conclusionsIndependent of depression severity, SI was associated with less NREM Stage 4 sleep, and higher nocturnal wakefulness across diagnostic groups. Sleep may warrant further investigation in the pathogenesis of suicide risk, particularly in TRD, where risk may be heightened.

Indexed as

Suicidal IdeationAdolescentAdultAgedBipolar DisorderDepressive Disorder, Treatment-ResistantEndophenotypesFemaleHumansMajor Depressive DisorderMaleMiddle AgedModels, PsychologicalSleep Initiation and Maintenance DisordersSleep StagesYoung AdultBipolar disorderDepressionSleep architectureSuicide riskTreatment-resistance

Identifiers

PMID27810712
PMCPMC6502232
OpenAlexW2535973406

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.