ArticleRestorative neurology and neuroscience2016
Progesterone treatment shows greater protection in brain vs. retina in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion: Progesterone receptor levels may play an important role.
Article in Restorative neurology and neuroscience, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serum and Striatal Redox and Metabolic Responses to Progesterone Treatment in Rats with Common Carotid Ligation.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The potential role of amino acids in myopia: inspiration from metabolomics.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2024Review
- Neurosteroid Receptor Modulators for Treating Traumatic Brain Injury.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2023Review
- Evidence for Menopause as a Sex-Specific Risk Factor for Glaucoma.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2023Review
- Risk Factors for Retinal Ganglion Cell Distress in Glaucoma and Neuroprotective Potential Intervention.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Progesterone, via yes-associated protein, promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation and cardiac repair.Cell proliferation · 2020Article
- Progesterone for the treatment of central nervous system disorders: the many signaling roads for a single molecule.Neural regeneration research · 2020Article
- Stem/progenitor cell-based transplantation for retinal degeneration: a review of clinical trials.Cell death & disease · 2020Review
- Control of retinal blood flow levels by selected combinations of cervical arterial ligations in rat.Experimental eye research · 2020Article
- Progesterone in the Brain: Hormone, Neurosteroid and Neuroprotectant.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Stem Cells as Drug-like Biologics for Mitochondrial Repair in Stroke.Pharmaceutics · 2020Review
- Progesterone Protects Prefrontal Cortex in Rat Model of Permanent Bilateral Common Carotid Occlusion via Progesterone Receptors and Akt/Erk/eNOS.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2020Article
- Progesterone Attenuates Stress-Induced NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Enhances Autophagy following Ischemic Brain Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- The brain and eye: Treating cerebral and retinal ischemia through mitochondrial transfer.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2019Review
- Eye Opener in Stroke.Stroke · 2019Article
- Steroids in Stroke with Special Reference to Progesterone.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2019Review
- Long-Term Functional and Structural Consequences of Primary Blast Overpressure to the Eye.Journal of neurotrauma · 2018Article
- Neurosteroid allopregnanolone reduces ipsilateral visual cortex potentiation following unilateral optic nerve injury.Experimental neurology · 2018Article
- Neuroprotective strategies for retinal disease.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2018Review
- The Role of Menopause and Its Association with the Apolipoprotein E4 Allele for Age at Diagnosis of Glaucoma in Women.Ophthalmology scienceArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectiveTo determine whether inflammation increases in retina as it does in brain following middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), and whether the neurosteroid progesterone, shown to have protective effects in both retina and brain after MCAO, reduces inflammation in retina as well as brain.
methodsMCAO rats treated systemically with progesterone or vehicle were compared with shams. Protein levels of cytosolic NF-κB, nuclear NF-κB, phosphorylated NF-κB, IL-6, TNF-α, CD11b, progesterone receptor A and B, and pregnane X receptor were assessed in retinas and brains at 24 and 48 h using western blots.
resultsFollowing MCAO, significant increases were observed in the following inflammatory markers: pNF-κB and CD11b at 24 h in both brain and retina, nuclear NF-κB at 24 h in brain and 48 h in retina, and TNF-α at 24 h in brain.Progesterone treatment in MCAO animals significantly attenuated levels of the following markers in brain: pNF-κB, nuclear NF-κB, IL-6, TNF-α, and CD11b, with significantly increased levels of cytosolic NF-κB. Retinas from progesterone-treated animals showed significantly reduced levels of nuclear NF-κB and IL-6 and increased levels of cytosolic NF-κB, with a trend for reduction in other markers. Post-MCAO, progesterone receptors A and B were upregulated in brain and downregulated in retina.
conclusionInflammatory markers increased in both brain and retina after MCAO, with greater increases observed in brain. Progesterone treatment reduced inflammation, with more dramatic reductions observed in brain than retina. This differential effect may be due to differences in the response of progesterone receptors in brain and retina after injury.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.