Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27801894›Full record

ArticleTranslational psychiatry2016

Dissection of major depressive disorder using polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia in two independent cohorts.

H C Whalley, M J Adams, L S Hall, T-K Clarke, A M Fernandez-Pujals, J Gibson, E Wigmore, J Hafferty, S P Hagenaars, G Davies and 6 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Translational psychiatry, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
5.7field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.

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  13. Review
  14. Genetics Factors in Major Depression Disease.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2018
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

H C WhalleyDivision of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
M J AdamsDivision of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
L S HallDivision of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
T-K ClarkeDivision of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
A M Fernandez-PujalsDivision of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
J GibsonDivision of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
E WigmoreDivision of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
J HaffertyDivision of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
S P HagenaarsDivision of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
G DaviesCentre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
A CampbellCentre for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
C HaywardMRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
S M LawrieDivision of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
D J PorteousCentre for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
I J DearyCentre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
A M McIntoshDivision of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
University of Edinburgh · GBRoyal Edinburgh Hospital · GBWestern General Hospital · GB

Funding

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research CouncilChief Scientist Office CZD/16/6/4Medical Research Council MC_PC_U127561128Medical Research Council MC_QA137853Medical Research Council MR/J000914/1Medical Research Council MR/K026992/1MRF_ C0396Wellcome Trust 104036
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is known for its substantial clinical and suspected causal heterogeneity. It is characterized by low mood, psychomotor slowing and increased levels of the personality trait neuroticism; factors also associated with schizophrenia (SCZ). It is possible that some cases of MDD may have a substantial genetic loading for SCZ. The presence of SCZ-like MDD subgroups would be indicated by an interaction between MDD status and polygenic risk of SCZ on cognitive, personality and mood measures. Here, we hypothesized that higher SCZ polygenic risk would define larger MDD case-control differences in cognitive ability, and smaller differences in distress and neuroticism. Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for SCZ and their association with cognitive variables, neuroticism, mood and psychological distress were estimated in a large population-based cohort (Generation Scotland: Scottish Family Health Study, GS:SFHS). The individuals were divided into those with, and without, depression (n=2587 and n=16 764, respectively) to test for the interactions between MDD status and schizophrenia risk. Replication was sought in UK Biobank (UKB; n=6049 and n=27 476 cases and controls, respectively). In both the cohorts, we found significant interactions between SCZ-PRS and MDD status for measures of psychological distress (β

Indexed as

Schizophrenic PsychologyAdultCase-Control StudiesCohort StudiesFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenome-Wide Association StudyGenotypeHumansMajor Depressive DisorderMaleMiddle AgedMultifactorial InheritanceNeuropsychological TestsNeuroticismPolymorphism, Single Nucleotide

Identifiers

PMID27801894
PMCPMC5314119
OpenAlexW2547556718

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.