Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27800559›Full record

ArticleACS central science2016

Striking Plasticity of CRISPR-Cas9 and Key Role of Non-target DNA, as Revealed by Molecular Simulations.

Giulia Palermo, Yinglong Miao, Ross C Walker, Martin Jinek, J Andrew McCammon

Open access · diamondAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS central science, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 81 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
81citing papers in PubMed
7.7field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

81 citing papers in PubMed, 143 citations in OpenAlex.

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  10. A guide RNA repeat checkpoint steers CRISPR-Cas9 catalysis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
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21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Giulia PalermoDepartment of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States.
Yinglong MiaoDepartment of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States.
Ross C WalkerSan Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC0505, La Jolla, California 92093-0505, United States; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States.
Martin JinekDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Zurich , Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
J Andrew McCammonDepartment of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States; San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC0505, La Jolla, California 92093-0505, United States; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States; National Biomedical Computation Resource, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0608, United States.
University of California, San Diego · USHoward Hughes Medical Institute · USUniversity of Zurich · CH

Funding

National Biomedical Computation Resource - Competitive Revision SupplementP41GM103426 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI AMARO, ROMMIE E · 2012 to 2019
$14.0M
THEORY OF BIOMOLECULAR DIFFUSIONR01GM031749 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON · PI HUBER, GARY ALEXANDER, MCCAMMON, JAMES ANDREW · 1985 to 2022
$7.8M
NIGMS NIH HHS P41 GM103426NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM031749
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)-Cas9 system recently emerged as a transformative genome-editing technology that is innovating basic bioscience and applied medicine and biotechnology. The endonuclease Cas9 associates with a guide RNA to match and cleave complementary sequences in double stranded DNA, forming an RNA:DNA hybrid and a displaced non-target DNA strand. Although extensive structural studies are ongoing, the conformational dynamics of Cas9 and its interplay with the nucleic acids during association and DNA cleavage are largely unclear. Here, by employing multi-microsecond time scale molecular dynamics, we reveal the conformational plasticity of Cas9 and identify key determinants that allow its large-scale conformational changes during nucleic acid binding and processing. We show how the "closure" of the protein, which accompanies nucleic acid binding, fundamentally relies on highly coupled and specific motions of the protein domains, collectively initiating the prominent conformational changes needed for nucleic acid association. We further reveal a key role of the non-target DNA during the process of activation of the nuclease HNH domain, showing how the nontarget DNA positioning triggers local conformational changes that favor the formation of a catalytically competent Cas9. Finally, a remarkable conformational plasticity is identified as an intrinsic property of the HNH domain, constituting a necessary element that allows for the HNH repositioning. These novel findings constitute a reference for future experimental studies aimed at a full characterization of the dynamic features of the CRISPR-Cas9 system, and-more importantly-call for novel structure engineering efforts that are of fundamental importance for the rational design of new genome-engineering applications.

Identifiers

PMID27800559
PMCPMC5084073
OpenAlexW2510638623

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.