ArticleTherapeutic advances in neurological disorders2016
Efficacy and tolerability of dimethyl fumarate in White-, African- and Hispanic- Americans with multiple sclerosis.
Article in Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Real-world adherence to, and persistence with, once- and twice-daily oral disease-modifying drugs in patients with multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC neurology · 2020Pooled it
- Review
- B-Cell-Targeted Therapies for Black vs White Americans with Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis.Ethnicity & disease · 2025Observational
- Real-World Treatment Outcomes in Black, Hispanic, Asian, and White People with Multiple Sclerosis Treated with Fumarates in the USA.Neurology and therapy · 2025Article
- The Evolving Role of Monomethyl Fumarate Treatment as Pharmacotherapy for Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.Cureus · 2024Review
- Real-World Safety and Effectiveness After 5 Years of Dimethyl Fumarate Treatment in Black and Hispanic Patients with Multiple Sclerosis in ESTEEM.Neurology and therapy · 2023Article
- Dimethyl Fumarate and Intestine: From Main Suspect to Potential Ally against Gut Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Review
- Monomethyl Fumarate (MMF, Bafiertam) for the Treatment of Relapsing Forms of Multiple Sclerosis (MS).Neurology international · 2021Review
- Real-World Safety and Effectiveness of Dimethyl Fumarate in Black or African American Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: 3-Year Results from ESTEEM.Neurology and therapy · 2020Article
- Real-World Safety and Effectiveness of Dimethyl Fumarate in Hispanic or Latino Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: 3-Year Results from ESTEEM.Neurology and therapy · 2020Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Alemtuzumab in Patients of African Descent with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: 8-Year Follow-up of CARE-MS I and II (TOPAZ Study).Neurology and therapy · 2019Article
- Efficacy and Tolerability of Delayed-release Dimethyl Fumarate in Black, Hispanic, and Asian Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: Post Hoc Integrated Analysis of DEFINE and CONFIRM.Neurology and therapy · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDimethyl fumarate (DMF) was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) based on two phase III randomized clinical trials (RCTs). There were not enough non-White patients enrolled in these RCTs to allow for subgroup analysis based on race. Efficacy and tolerability of DMF therapy across various racial groups is unknown.
methodsRetrospective chart review was performed on all patients with RRMS who were started on DMF in two tertiary multiple sclerosis (MS) clinics. Efficacy and tolerability of DMF was compared across three self-identified racial groups: White-American (WA), African-American (AA) and Hispanic-American (HA).
resultsA total of 390 RRMS patients were included in the study: 261 (66.9%) WA, 69 (17.7%) AA and 52 (13.3%) HA. When comparing 'pre-DMF' (1 year) and 'on DMF' (mean follow up of 14 months) periods, statistically significant reduction in rates of annualized relapses (WA from 0.44 to 0.19, AA from 0.39 to 0.15, and HA from 0.39 to 0.14; no differences between groups), new T2 lesions (WA from 45% to 23%, AA from 39% to 23%, HA from 52% to 26%; no difference between groups), and Gd+ lesions (WA from 25% to 13%, AA from 24% to 7%, HA from 23% to 12%; no difference between groups) were seen. DMF was relatively well tolerated across all groups, with an overall discontinuation rate of 20% (no difference between the three groups).
conclusionEfficacy of DMF in our clinic population did not differ across three major ethnic groups, WA, AA and HA, and was comparable with results observed in the pivotal studies. These 'real-life' data suggest that race is not a factor that needs to be taken into account when initiating DMF.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.