ReviewDrug delivery and translational research2016
A comprehensive insight on ocular pharmacokinetics.
Review in Drug delivery and translational research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05213156 (Concentration of Ofloxacin Into the Aqueous Humour of Patients After Topical Instillation According to the Severity of Dry Eye Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 193 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Concentration of Ofloxacin Into the Aqueous Humour of Patients After Topical Instillation According to the Severity of Dry Eye Disease
Who cites it
193 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 440 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Dietary supplements for dry eye disease].Die Ophthalmologie · 2025Pooled it
- Topical Treatment for Retinal Degenerative Pathologies: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Topical Omega-3 Fatty Acids Eyedrops in the Treatment of Dry Eye and Ocular Surface Disease: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Role of Neutrophils on the Ocular Surface.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Pooled it
- Inclusion Complexes of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs with Cyclodextrins: A Systematic Review.Biomolecules · 2021Pooled it
- Long-term Impact of Intravitreal Injections on the ocular surface; a 2-year follow-up study.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2026Trial
- A Randomized, Prospective, Observer-Masked Study Comparing Dropless Treatment Regimen Using Intracanalicular Dexamethasone Insert, Intracameral Ketorolac, and Intracameral Moxifloxacin versus Conventional Topical Therapy to Control Postoperative Pain and Inflammation in Cataract Surgery.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Trial
- Aqueous Humour Ofloxacin Concentration after Topical Instillation in Patients with Dry Eye Disease.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Trial
- A phase I study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profiles of ocular GLH8NDE in healthy male adults.Clinical and translational science · 2022Trial
- A bioactivity-enhanced thermosensitive amnion-derived hydrogel with sustained IGF-1 release: A multitargeted and efficient strategy for corneal injury repair.Bioactive materials · 2027Article
- Aptamers in Ocular Disease Therapy and Drug Delivery: Current Progress and Future Opportunities.Current therapeutic research, clinical and experimental · 2026Review
- Dissolving microneedles for inflammatory diseases: Advances in formulation strategies and therapeutic applications.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Review
- Liposomal Drug Delivery in Ocular Therapy: Strategies for Enhancing Corneal Penetration and Bioavailability.Cells · 2026Review
- Latanoprost Acid-Brimonidine, a New Amide Prodrug for Glaucoma Management Based on the Concept of Sustained Release.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Dissecting corneal drug permeability under experimental variability and drug cold-start challenges via hybrid machine learning.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Critical Evaluation of Key Elements in Manufacturing Procedures and Testing Methodologies for Ocular Anti-Infective Thin Film Inserts.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Microenvironment-Responsive Drug Delivery Systems for Ocular Surface Diseases: Mechanisms, Applications, and Translational Challenges.Small science · 2026Review
- Advancing Treatment of Degenerative Eye Diseases at the Nanoscale.Smart medicine · 2026Review
- Multifunctional Catechol-Functionalized Cellulose Hydrogels for the Minimally Invasive Treatment of Acute Optic Nerve Injuries.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Pharmacological principles of intravitreal drug therapy and their implications for clinical practice: a primer for the ophthalmologist.Eye (London, England) · 2026Review
133 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The eye is a distinctive organ with protective anatomy and physiology. Several pharmacokinetics compartment models of ocular drug delivery have been developed for describing the absorption, distribution, and elimination of ocular drugs in the eye. Determining pharmacokinetics parameters in ocular tissues is a major challenge because of the complex anatomy and dynamic physiological barrier of the eye. In this review, pharmacokinetics of these compartments exploring different drugs, delivery systems, and routes of administration is discussed including factors affecting intraocular bioavailability. Factors such as precorneal fluid drainage, drug binding to tear proteins, systemic drug absorption, corneal factors, melanin binding, and drug metabolism render ocular delivery challenging and are elaborated in this manuscript. Several compartment models are discussed; these are developed in ocular drug delivery to study the pharmacokinetics parameters. There are several transporters present in both anterior and posterior segments of the eye which play a significant role in ocular pharmacokinetics and are summarized briefly. Moreover, several ocular pharmacokinetics animal models and relevant studies are reviewed and discussed in addition to the pharmacokinetics of various ocular formulations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.