ReviewDiabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders2016
Strategies for Diabetes Management: Using Newer Oral Combination Therapies Early in the Disease.
Review in Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-Analysis of 11 Heterogeneous Studies regarding Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitor Add-On Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Treated with Insulin.Journal of diabetes research · 2020Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of trelagliptin in combination with insulin therapy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: Results from a randomized, Phase IV study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2018Trial
- A Review ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Early Combination Therapy with Linagliptin and Metformin in People with Type 2 Diabetes Improves Glycemic Control to HbA1c ≤ 6.5% without Increasing Hypoglycemia: Pooled Analysis of Two Randomized Clinical Trials.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2020Article
- Galanin enhances systemic glucose metabolism through enteric Nitric Oxide Synthase-expressed neurons.Molecular metabolism · 2018Article
- Cardiovascular Safety of Antidiabetic Drugs in the Hospital Setting.Current diabetes reports · 2017Review
- Upregulation of GLUT4 and PI3K, and downregulation of GSK3 mediate the anti-hyperglycemic effects of proanthocyanidins.Medicine internationalArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThe duration of uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can adversely impact small and large vessels, eventually leading to microvascular and macrovascular complications. Failure of therapeutic lifestyle changes, monotherapy, and clinical inertia contribute to persistent hyperglycemia and disease progression. The aim was to review the complex pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes and how different oral agents can be used effectively as first-line therapy in combination with metformin, as well as in patients not achieving glycemic goals with metformin therapy.
methodsFor this review, a non-systematic literature search of PubMed, NCBI, and Google Scholar was conducted.
resultsNew oral agents have made it possible to improve glycemic control to near-normal levels with a low risk of hypoglycemia and without weight gain, and sometimes with weight loss. Early combination therapy is effective and has been shown to have a favorable legacy effect. A number of agents are available in a single-pill combination (SPC) that provides fewer pills and better adherence. Compared with adding a sulfonylurea, still the most common oral combination used, empagliflozin has been shown to decrease cardiovascular (CV) events in a dedicated CV outcome study, and pioglitazone has been effective in reducing the risk of secondary CV endpoints, whereas sulfonylureas have been associated with an increased risk of CV disease. In those failing metformin, triple oral therapy by adding a non-metformin SPC such as empagliflozin/linagliptin or pioglitazone/alogliptin is a good option for reducing glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) without significant hypoglycemia.
conclusionClinicians have a comprehensive armamentarium of medications to treat patients with T2DM. Clinical evidence has shown that dual or triple oral combination therapy is effective for glycemic control, and early treatment is effective in getting patients to goal more quickly. Use of SPCs is an option for double or triple oral combination therapy and may result in better adherence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.