ArticleJournal of pulmonary & respiratory medicine2014
The Protective Effect of Hispanic Ethnicity on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Mortality is Mitigated by Smoking Behavior.
Article in Journal of pulmonary & respiratory medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Hispanics. A 9-Year Update.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2018Review
- Pulmonary Disease and Age at Immigration among Hispanics. Results from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleStudies in Hispanic/Latino populations have shown ethnicity to be either a predictive or protective factor for COPD mortality and it is unclear whether this disagreement is attributable to ethnic differences in smoking rates, smoking behavior or differences in genetic susceptibility.
objectivesThis study will examine the role of smoking behavior as a means of explaining differences in risk for COPD mortality between Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites.
methodsParticipants were recruited into a cohort study from the San Luis Valley in Colorado beginning in the early 1980's and followed for mortality until 2012. COPD and cardiovascular disease are often comorbid conditions and account for the competing risk of CVD in the analysis of COPD mortality. Mortality searches were conducted regularly and all ICD codes were collected for mortality event. Primary and secondary causes of each event were assessed using appropriate codes.
resultsHispanic current smokers did not differ from NHW current smokers in years smoked (p=0.6) but Hispanic former smokers accumulated more years smoked compared to NHW former smokers (22 vs. 20, p=0.047). Hispanic ethnicity was significantly protective for COPD mortality adjusting for age, gender, pre-existing emphysema, hypertension and smoking status and accounting for the effect of CVD mortality (RR=0.58, 95% C.I. 0.34-0.99, p=0.035). Further adjustment for smoking behavior mitigated this effect.
conclusionsThe lower COPD mortality seen in Hispanic smokers may be due lower cumulative exposure to tobacco smoke. Thus, smoking behavior may play a key role in explaining differences in COPD mortality as they relate to Hispanic ethnicity.
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Registered trials
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