Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27795562›Full record

ReviewNature reviews. Genetics2017

Loss-of-function genetic tools for animal models: cross-species and cross-platform differences.

Benjamin E Housden, Matthias Muhar, Matthew Gemberling, Charles A Gersbach, Didier Y R Stainier, Geraldine Seydoux, Stephanie E Mohr, Johannes Zuber, Norbert Perrimon

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Nature reviews. Genetics, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 109 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
109citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

109 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Evolution expresses the second law of thermodynamics in action.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2026
    Article
  2. A Landscape ofBiology · 2026
    Review
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  14. Enhanced RNA-targeting CRISPR-Cas technology in zebrafish.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024
    Article
  15. Novel Arf1 Inhibitors Drive Cancer Stem Cell Aging and Potentiate Anti-Tumor Immunity.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024
    Article
  16. Article
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  20. Control of cardiac contractions using Cre-lox and degron strategies in zebrafish.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article

49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Benjamin E HousdenDepartment of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Matthias MuharResearch Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna 1030, Austria.
Matthew GemberlingDepartment of Biomedical Engineering and the Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.
Charles A GersbachDepartment of Biomedical Engineering and the Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.
Didier Y R StainierDepartment of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 43 Ludwigstrasse, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany.
Geraldine SeydouxDepartment of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA.
Stephanie E MohrDepartment of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Johannes ZuberResearch Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna 1030, Austria.
Norbert PerrimonDepartment of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.

Funding

VectorP30CA006516 · NCI · DANA-FARBER CANCER INSTITUTE · PI JENNIFER W MACK · 1985 to 2026
$330.6M
Tuberous Sclerosis-Pathway and PathogenesisP01CA120964 · NCI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI David J. Kwiatkowski · 2007 to 2026
$35.9M
New collections of dsRNAs and overexpression miRNA constructs to supplement RNAiR01GM067761 · NIGMS · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCHOOL) · PI PERRIMON, NORBERT · 2003 to 2019
$15.5M
REGULATION OF GERM CELL FATE DURING EMBRYOGENESISR01HD037047 · NICHD · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI GERALDINE Catherine Joelle SEYDOUX · 1999 to 2026
$4.3M
Engineering Targeted Epigenetic Modifiers for Precise Control of Gene RegulationR01DA036865 · NIDA · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI CRAWFORD, GREGORY E, GERSBACH, CHARLES A. · 2013 to 2017
$2.6M
Engineering Morphogenetic Factors for Enhanced Genetic ReprogrammingDP2OD008586 · OD · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI GERSBACH, CHARLES A. · 2011 to 2011
$2.4M
In Vivo Epigenome Editing with CRISPR-Based Histone Acetyltransferase Transgenic MiceR21DA041878 · NIDA · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI GERSBACH, CHARLES A., WEST, ANNE ELIZABETH · 2016 to 2017
$392k
Genome Editing of Stem Cells for Analysis of Osteoarthritis Causal VariantsR21AR065956 · NIAMS · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI GERSBACH, CHARLES A., GUILAK, FARSHID · 2014 to 2015
$382k
European Research Council 336860NCI NIH HHS P01 CA120964NCI NIH HHS P30 CA006516NIAMS NIH HHS R21 AR065956NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD037047NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA036865NIDA NIH HHS R21 DA041878NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM067761NIH HHS DP2 OD008586
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Our understanding of the genetic mechanisms that underlie biological processes has relied extensively on loss-of-function (LOF) analyses. LOF methods target DNA, RNA or protein to reduce or to ablate gene function. By analysing the phenotypes that are caused by these perturbations the wild-type function of genes can be elucidated. Although all LOF methods reduce gene activity, the choice of approach (for example, mutagenesis, CRISPR-based gene editing, RNA interference, morpholinos or pharmacological inhibition) can have a major effect on phenotypic outcomes. Interpretation of the LOF phenotype must take into account the biological process that is targeted by each method. The practicality and efficiency of LOF methods also vary considerably between model systems. We describe parameters for choosing the optimal combination of method and system, and for interpreting phenotypes within the constraints of each method.

Indexed as

CRISPR-Cas SystemsGene SilencingModels, AnimalMutagenesisRNA InterferenceAnimalsGenotypeHumansMorpholinosMutationPhenotypeSpecies SpecificityMorpholinos

Identifiers

PMID27795562
PMCPMC5206767

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.