Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27793755›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V2016

Topical ophthalmic lipid nanoparticle formulations (SLN, NLC) of indomethacin for delivery to the posterior segment ocular tissues.

Sai Prachetan Balguri, Goutham R Adelli, Soumyajit Majumdar

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
61citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
11.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

61 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 189 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Nanoformulations in epilepsy therapy - a systematic review of emerging strategies in status epilepticus.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2025
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  10. Nanostructured Lipid Carrier-loadedPharmaceutical nanotechnology · 2025
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  15. Lipid-based nanoparticles: innovations in ocular drug delivery.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2024
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1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Sai Prachetan BalguriDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States.
Goutham R AdelliDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States.
Soumyajit MajumdarDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States. Electronic address: majumso@olemiss.edu.
University of Mississippi · US

Funding

Center of Research Excellence in Natural Products Neuroscience (CORE-NPN)P20GM104932 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF MISSISSIPPI · PI MAJUMDAR, SOUMYAJIT · 2012 to 2016
$10.0M
Evaluation and Inhibition of Efflux Pumps Expressed on the Blood Ocular BarrierR01EY022120 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF MISSISSIPPI · PI MAJUMDAR, SOUMYAJIT · 2015 to 2018
$1.5M
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY022120NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM104932
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe objective of the present study was to formulate indomethacin (IN)-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) and to investigate their potential use in topical ocular delivery.

methodsIN SLNs (0.1% w/v) and NLCs (0.8% w/v) were prepared, characterized and evaluated. Their in vitro release and flux profiles across the cornea and sclera-choroid-RPE (trans-SCR) tissues and in vivo ocular tissue distribution were assessed. Furthermore, chitosan chloride (CS) (mol. wt.<200kDa), a cationic and water-soluble penetration enhancer, was used to modify the surface of the SLNs, and its effect was investigated through in vitro transmembrane penetration and in vivo distribution tissue studies.

resultsFor the IN-SLNs, IN-CS-SLNs and IN-NLCs, the particle size was 226±5, 265±8, and 227±11nm, respectively; the zeta potential was -22±0.8, 27±1.2, and -12.2±2.3mV, respectively; the polydispersity index (PDI) was 0.17, 0.30, and 0.23, respectively; and the entrapment efficiency (EE) was 81±0.9, 91.5±3.2 and 99.8±0.2%, respectively. The surface modification of the SLNs with CS increased the ocular penetration of IN. The NLCs maintained significantly higher IN concentrations in all ocular tissues tested compared to the other formulations evaluated in vivo.

conclusionThe results suggest that lipid-based particulate systems can serve as viable vehicles for ocular delivery. The NLC formulations demonstrated increased drug loading capability, entrapment and delivery to anterior and posterior segment ocular tissues.

Indexed as

AnimalsAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalCationsChitosanChloridesCorneaDrug CarriersDrug Delivery SystemsExcipientsEyeIndomethacinLipidsMaleNanoparticlesNanostructuresOphthalmic SolutionsAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalCationsChitosanChloridesDrug CarriersExcipientsIndomethacinLipidsOphthalmic SolutionsWater

Identifiers

PMID27793755
PMCPMC5345266
OpenAlexW2543988213

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.