ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2016
Human Vδ2 T cells are a major source of interleukin-9.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identification of Interleukin-9 Producing Immune Cells in Endometrial Carcinoma and Establishment of a Prognostic Nomogram.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Trial
- γδ T cells in colorectal and liver cancer.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Re-Tooling of γδ T Cells for Cancer Immunotherapy Using Advanced Manufacturing and Genetic Engineering.Cells · 2026Review
- Review
- γδ T Cell-mediated Tumor Immunity is Tightly Regulated by STING and TGF-β Signaling Pathways.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Human platelet lysate enhances in vivo activity of CAR-Vδ2 T cells by reducing cellular senescence and apoptosis.Cytotherapy · 2024Article
- γδ T cells: origin and fate, subsets, diseases and immunotherapy.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023Review
- Innate lymphoid cells and innate-like T cells in cancer - at the crossroads of innate and adaptive immunity.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2023Review
- TGF-β controls development of TCRγδCell discovery · 2023Article
- TGF-β Regulation of T Cells.Annual review of immunology · 2023Review
- γδ T cells in immunotherapies for B-cell malignancies.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- T-cell epitope discovery and single-cell technologies to advance food allergy research.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2023Review
- Review
- IL-33 Enhances ACE2 Expression on Epidermal Keratinocytes in Atopic Dermatitis: A Plausible Issue for SARS-CoV-2 Transmission in Inflamed Atopic Skin.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Identification of the immunosuppressive effect of γδ T cells correlated to bone morphogenetic protein 2 in acute myeloid leukemia.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- TGF-β1 potentiates Vγ9Vδ2 T cell adoptive immunotherapy of cancer.Cell reports. Medicine · 2021Article
- Monocyte-dependent co-stimulation of cytokine induction in human γδ T cells by TLR8 RNA ligands.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Immunobiology and immunotherapy of HCC: spotlight on innate and innate-like immune cells.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2021Review
- γδ T Cells for Leukemia Immunotherapy: New and Expanding Trends.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Transcriptome Signature of Vγ9Vδ2 T Cells Treated With Phosphoantigens and Notch Inhibitor Reveals Interplay Between TCR and Notch Signaling Pathways.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vδ2Vγ9 T cells are the dominant γδ T-cell subset in human peripheral blood. Vδ2 T cells recognize pyrophosphate molecules derived from microbes or tumor cells; hence, they play a role in antimicrobial and antitumor immunity. TGF-β, together with IL-15, induces a regulatory phenotype in Vδ2 T cells, characterized by forkhead box protein P3 (FoxP3) expression and suppressive activity on CD4 T-cell activation. We performed a genome-wide transcriptome analysis and found that the same conditions (TGF-β plus IL-15) strongly enhanced the expression of additional genes in Vδ2 T cells, including IKAROS family zinc finger 4 (IKZF4; Eos), integrin subunit alpha E (ITGAE; CD103/αEβ7), and IL9 This up-regulation was associated with potent IL-9 production as revealed by flow cytometry and multiplex analysis of cell culture supernatants. In contrast to CD4 and CD8 αβ T cells, γδ T cells did not require IL-4 for induction of intracellular IL-9 expression. Upon antigen restimulation of Vδ2 T cells expanded in vitro in the presence of TGF-β and IL-15, IL-9 was the most abundant among 16 analyzed cytokines and chemokines. IL-9 is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in various (patho)physiological conditions, including allergy and tumor defense, where it can promote antitumor immunity. Given the conspicuous sensitivity of many different tumors to Vδ2 T-cell-mediated killing, the conditions defined here for strong induction of IL-9 might be relevant for the development of Vδ2 T-cell-based immunotherapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.