Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27791073›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2016

Nanomechanical mechanism for lipid bilayer damage induced by carbon nanotubes confined in intracellular vesicles.

Wenpeng Zhu, Annette von dem Bussche, Xin Yi, Yang Qiu, Zhongying Wang, Paula Weston, Robert H Hurt, Agnes B Kane, Huajian Gao

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
41citing papers in PubMed
8.0field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

41 citing papers in PubMed, 132 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  7. Safety Assessment of Graphene-Based Materials.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Morphological transformations of vesicles with confined flexible filaments.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
    Article
  14. Review
  15. RSC advances · 2022
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.

Wenpeng ZhuSchool of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912.ORCID 0000-0001-7417-3535
Annette von dem BusscheDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912; Annette_von_dem_Bussche@brown.edu Huajian_Gao@brown.edu.
Xin YiSchool of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912.
Yang QiuSchool of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912.
Zhongying WangSchool of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912.
Paula WestonDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912.
Robert H HurtSchool of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912.
Agnes B KaneDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912.
Huajian GaoSchool of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912; Annette_von_dem_Bussche@brown.edu Huajian_Gao@brown.edu.
Brown University · US

Funding

Vapor Pressures and Thermodynamic Properties of Complex Organic MixturesP42ES013660 · NIEHS · BROWN UNIVERSITY · PI BOEKELHEIDE, KIM · 2005 to 2020
$37.7M
NIEHS NIH HHS P42 ES013660
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Understanding the behavior of low-dimensional nanomaterials confined in intracellular vesicles has been limited by the resolution of bioimaging techniques and the complex nature of the problem. Recent studies report that long, stiff carbon nanotubes are more cytotoxic than flexible varieties, but the mechanistic link between stiffness and cytotoxicity is not understood. Here we combine analytical modeling, molecular dynamics simulations, and in vitro intracellular imaging methods to reveal 1D carbon nanotube behavior within intracellular vesicles. We show that stiff nanotubes beyond a critical length are compressed by lysosomal membranes causing persistent tip contact with the inner membrane leaflet, leading to lipid extraction, lysosomal permeabilization, release of cathepsin B (a lysosomal protease) into the cytoplasm, and cell death. The precise material parameters needed to activate this unique mechanical pathway of nanomaterials interaction with intracellular vesicles were identified through coupled modeling, simulation, and experimental studies on carbon nanomaterials with wide variation in size, shape, and stiffness, leading to a generalized classification diagram for 1D nanocarbons that distinguishes pathogenic from biocompatible varieties based on a nanomechanical buckling criterion. For a wide variety of other 1D material classes (metal, oxide, polymer), this generalized classification diagram shows a critical threshold in length/width space that represents a transition from biologically soft to stiff, and thus identifies the important subset of all 1D materials with the potential to induce lysosomal permeability by the nanomechanical mechanism under investigation.

Indexed as

AnimalsCell DeathCell LineCell MembraneCell Membrane PermeabilityHumansIntracellular MembranesLipid BilayersLysosomesMaterials TestingMiceModels, MolecularMolecular Dynamics SimulationNanotubes, CarbonLipid BilayersNanotubes, Carbonbiomembranelipid extractionlysosomal permeabilizationmolecular dynamicsone-dimensional nanomaterials

Identifiers

PMID27791073
PMCPMC5098676
OpenAlexW2537935995

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.