ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2016
Differential roles of the RNases H in preventing chromosome instability.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- MDS/AML-associated DDX41 helicase facilitates homologous recombination repair by potentially resolving R-loops.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Emerging roles of RNA:DNA hybrid regulation by mammalian ribonuclease H2 in replication stress and cancer.Journal of cell science · 2025Review
- The Smc5/6 complex counteracts R-loop formation at highly transcribed genes in cooperation with RNase H2.eLife · 2024Article
- R-loop and diseases: the cell cycle matters.Molecular cancer · 2024Review
- Transcription as source of genetic heterogeneity in budding yeast.Yeast (Chichester, England) · 2024Review
- Bridging the gap: R-loop mediated genomic instability and its implications in neurological diseases.Epigenomics · 2024Review
- Review
- Direct visualization of transcription-replication conflicts reveals post-replicative DNA:RNA hybrids.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2023Article
- R-loop-induced irreparable DNA damage evades checkpoint detection in the C. elegans germline.Nucleic acids research · 2022Article
- High-throughput techniques enable advances in the roles of DNA and RNA secondary structures in transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene regulation.Genome biology · 2022Review
- Translin facilitates RNA polymerase II dissociation and suppresses genome instability during RNase H2- and Dicer-deficiency.PLoS genetics · 2022Article
- RNase H2, mutated in Aicardi-Goutières syndrome, resolves co-transcriptional R-loops to prevent DNA breaks and inflammation.Nature communications · 2022Article
- The catalytic mechanism, metal dependence, substrate specificity, and biodiversity of ribonuclease H.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- DNA-RNA Hybrids at Telomeres in Budding Yeast.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Article
- Elongating RNA polymerase II and RNA:DNA hybrids hinder fork progression and gene expression at sites of head-on replication-transcription collisions.Nucleic acids research · 2021Article
- Article
- Untangling the crosstalk between BRCA1 and R-loops during DNA repair.Nucleic acids research · 2021Review
- Gene Co-Expression Analysis of HumanBiology · 2021Article
- The ALPK1/TIFA/NF-κB axis links a bacterial carcinogen to R-loop-induced replication stress.Nature communications · 2020Article
- RNA-cDNA hybrids mediate transposition via different mechanisms.Scientific reports · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
dnaRNA hybrids can lead to DNA damage and genome instability. This damage can be prevented by degradation of the RNA in the hybrid by two evolutionarily conserved enzymes, RNase H1 and H2. Indeed, RNase H-deficient cells have increased chromosomal rearrangements. However, the quantitative and spatial contributions of the individual enzymes to hybrid removal have been unclear. Additionally, RNase H2 can remove single ribonucleotides misincorporated into DNA during replication. The relative contribution of DNA:RNA hybrids and misincorporated ribonucleotides to chromosome instability also was uncertain. To address these issues, we studied the frequency and location of loss-of-heterozygosity (LOH) events on chromosome III in Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains that were defective for RNase H1, H2, or both. We showed that RNase H2 plays the major role in preventing chromosome III instability through its hybrid-removal activity. Furthermore, RNase H2 acts pervasively at many hybrids along the chromosome. In contrast, RNase H1 acts to prevent LOH within a small region of chromosome III where the instability is dependent upon two hybrid-prone sequences. This restriction of RNase H1 activity to a subset of hybrids is not the result of its constrained localization, because we found it at hybrids genome-wide. This result suggests that the genome-protection activity of RNase H1 is regulated at a step after hybrid recognition. The global function of RNase H2 and the region-specific function of RNase H1 provide insight into why these enzymes with overlapping hybrid-removal activities have been conserved throughout evolution.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.