ArticlePharmacogenomics and personalized medicine2016
Pharmacogenetic polymorphism as an independent risk factor for frequent hospitalizations in older adults with polypharmacy: a pilot study.
Article in Pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pharmacogenetic interventions to improve outcomes in patients with multimorbidity or prescribed polypharmacy: a systematic review.The pharmacogenomics journal · 2022Pooled it
- The Impact of Genetic Polymorphisms on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Mycophenolic Acid: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2021Pooled it
- Pharmacogenomics-guided personalized medicine in a clinical setting: real-world data.Pharmacogenetics and genomics · 2026Article
- Exploring the Pharmacogenetic Landscape: Identification of Clinically Relevant Genotypes by a Nation-Wide Medical Testing Laboratory in Romania.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Implementation of pre-emptive testing of a pharmacogenomic panel in clinical practice: Where do we stand?British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Review
- Drug-gene interactions in older patients with coronary artery disease.BMC geriatrics · 2024Article
- Central Nervous System Medications: Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Considerations for Older Adults.Drugs & aging · 2024Review
- Comprehensive Analysis of Drug Utilization Patterns, Gender Disparities, Lifestyle Influences, and Genetic Factors: Insights from Elderly Cohort Using g-NomicPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Development and validation of a pharmacogenomics reporting workflow based on the illumina global screening array chip.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Pharmacogenomics and health disparities, are we helping?Frontiers in genetics · 2023Review
- Genotyping of Patients with Adverse Drug Reaction or Therapy Failure: Database Analysis of a Pharmacogenetics Case Series Study.Pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Clinical implementation of drug metabolizing gene-based therapeutic interventions worldwide.Human genetics · 2022Review
- Genophenotypic Factors and Pharmacogenomics in Adverse Drug Reactions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Targeting neurotransmitter-mediated inflammatory mechanisms of psychiatric drugs to mitigate the double burden of multimorbidity and polypharmacy.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2021Article
- Polypharmacy: a healthcare conundrum with a pharmacogenetic solution.Critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences · 2019Article
- Polypharmacy Definitions for Multimorbid Older Adults Need Stronger Foundations to Guide Research, Clinical Practice and Public Health.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Estimated nationwide impact of implementing a preemptive pharmacogenetic panel approach to guide drug prescribing in primary care in The Netherlands.BMC medicine · 2019Article
- Cases in Precision Medicine: The Role of Pharmacogenetics in Precision Prescribing.Annals of internal medicine · 2019Article
- The relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms and dental implant loss: a scoping review.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dentistry · 2019Article
- Inconsistency in race and ethnic classification in pharmacogenetics studies and its potential clinical implications.Pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Pharmacogenetic testing identifies genetic biomarkers that are predictive of individual sensitivity to particular drugs. A significant proportion of medications that are widely prescribed for older adults are metabolized by enzymes that are encoded by highly polymorphic genes. Pharmacogenetic testing is increasingly used to optimize the medication regimen; however, its potential in older adults with polypharmacy has not been systematically explored. Following the initial case-series study, this study hypothesized that frequently hospitalized older adults with polypharmacy have higher frequency of pharmacogenetic polymorphism as compared to older adults with polypharmacy who are rarely admitted to a hospital. To test this hypothesis, a nested case-control study was conducted with pharmacogenetic polymorphism as an exposure and hospitalization rate as an outcome. In this study, frequently hospitalized older adults (≥65 years of age) with polypharmacy were matched with rarely hospitalized older adults with poly-pharmacy by age, gender, race, ethnicity, and chronic disease score. Average age and number of prescription drugs did not differ in cases and controls (77.2±5.0 and 78.3±5.1 years, 14.3±5.3 and 14.0±2.9 medications, respectively). No statistically significant difference in sociodemographic, clinical, and behavioral characteristics that are known to affect hospitalization risk was found between the cases and controls. Major pharmacogenetic polymorphism defined as presence of at least one allelic combination resulting in poor or rapid metabolizer status was identified in all the cases. No major pharmacogenetic polymorphisms were detected in controls. Based on the exact McNemar's test, the difference in major pharmacogenetic polymorphism frequency between cases and controls was statistically significant (
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Registered trials
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