Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27789133›Full record

Observational studyAnnals of epidemiology2016

Racial differences in renal replacement therapy initiation among children with a nonglomerular cause of chronic kidney disease.

Derek K Ng, Marva Moxey-Mims, Bradley A Warady, Susan L Furth, Alvaro Muñoz

Registry-linked trialAbstract readComparative StudyObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Annals of epidemiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00327860 (Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Prospective Cohort Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT00327860 recruitingnot on this map

Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Prospective Cohort Study (CKiD)

TypeobservationalSponsorJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthRan2003 to 2028Enrolled1,300ConditionsChronic Kidney Disease
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
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  5. Review
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  7. Review
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  10. The Relationship Between Neighborhood Disadvantage and Kidney Disease Progression in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Cohort.American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2022
    Observational
  11. Observational
  12. Review
  13. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Derek K NgDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD. Electronic address: dng3@jhu.edu.
Marva Moxey-MimsNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
Bradley A WaradyDivision of Pediatric Nephrology, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO.
Susan L FurthDepartment of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA; Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Alvaro MuñozDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD.

Funding

Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Study (C-Kid)U01DK066174 · NIDDK · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI SUSAN L. FURTH · 2003 to 2026
$25.1M
CKiD Cardiovascular Testing Travel SupplementU01DK066143 · NIDDK · CHILDREN'S MERCY HOSP (KANSAS CITY, MO) · PI Bradley Alan Warady · 2003 to 2026
$24.2M
The Kidney Disease in Children Data Management and Analysis Center (KIDMAC)U01DK066116 · NIDDK · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI MUNOZ, ALVARO · 2003 to 2017
$17.9M
Central Biochemistry Laboratory of the CKiD ConsortiumU01DK082194 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER · PI SCHWARTZ, GEORGE J · 2008 to 2017
$3.5M
Patient Oriented Research in Pediatric Kidney DiseaseK24DK078737 · NIDDK · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI FURTH, SUSAN L. · 2007 to 2016
$1.6M
NIDDK NIH HHS K24 DK078737NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK066116NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK066143NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK066174NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK082194
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeAfrican American (AA) adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a faster progression to end-stage renal disease and are less likely to receive a kidney transplant. It is unclear whether AA children experience renal replacement therapy (RRT) for end-stage renal disease sooner than non-AA children after accounting for socioeconomic status (SES).

methodsAmong children with nonglomerular CKD in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children study, we investigated time to RRT (i.e., first dialysis or transplant) after CKD onset using parametric survival models and accounted for SES differences by inverse probability weights.

resultsOf 110 AA and 493 non-AA children (median age = 10 years), AA children had shorter time to first RRT: median time was 3.2 years earlier than non-AA children (95% CI: -6.1, -0.3). When accounting for SES, this difference was diminished and nonsignificant (-1.6 years; 95% CI: -4.6, +1.5), and its directionality was consistent with faster glomerular filtration rate decline among AA children (-6.2% vs. -4.4% per year, P = .098). When RRT was deconstructed into dialysis or transplant, the time to dialysis was 37.5% shorter for AA children and 53.7% longer for transplant. These inferences were confirmed by the frequency and timing of transplant after initiating dialysis.

conclusionsRacial differences in time to RRT were almost fully accounted for by SES, and the remaining difference was congruent with a faster glomerular filtration rate decline among AA children. Access to transplant occurred later, yet times to dialysis were shorter among AA children even when accounting for SES which may be due to a lack of organ availability.

Indexed as

AdolescentBlack or African AmericanChildChild, PreschoolCohort StudiesFollow-Up StudiesHealthcare DisparitiesHumansKidney Failure, ChronicProspective StudiesRacial GroupsReference ValuesRenal Insufficiency, ChronicRenal Replacement TherapyRisk AssessmentSurvival RateChronic kidney diseaseHealth disparitiesInverse probability weightsPediatric nephrologyRenal replacement therapy

Identifiers

PMID27789133
PMCPMC5110248

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.