ArticleOncotarget2016
Propranolol induces a favourable shift of anti-tumor immunity in a murine spontaneous model of melanoma.
Article in Oncotarget, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beta-blocker use and survival outcomes in colorectal cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.The Journal of international medical research · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Antihypertensive Drugs as Potential Repositioning Options for Melanoma: A Map of Pre-Clinical Evidence.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Neuro-Immune Crosstalk: Molecular Mechanisms, Biological Functions, Diseases, and Therapeutic Targets.MedComm · 2026Review
- Neurotransmitters and Immunity: Molecular Mechanisms, Biological Functions, Diseases, and Potential Therapeutic Targets.MedComm · 2025Review
- Autonomic modulation of the immune response and implications for CNS malignancies.NPJ precision oncology · 2025Review
- Younger Age Is Associated with Favorable Outcomes in Adult Dogs with Hemangiosarcoma Receiving Adjuvant Doxorubicin Chemotherapy: Results from the PRO-DOX Study.Research square · 2025Article
- Stress regulatory hormones and cancer: the contribution of epinephrine and cancer therapeutic value of beta blockers.Endocrine · 2025Review
- Neuroimmune Interactions and Their Role in Immune Cell Trafficking in Cardiovascular Diseases and Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Nerves at Play: The Peripheral Nervous System in Extracranial Malignancies.Cancer discovery · 2025Review
- Article
- Induced Vascular Normalization-Can One Force Tumors to Surrender to a Better Microenvironment?Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Beta-Blocker Use Is Associated With Worse Relapse-Free Survival in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer.JCO precision oncology · 2023Article
- The neural addiction of cancer.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2023Review
- Radiation Therapy Exacerbates Tumor-Promoting Innervation and Nerve Signaling in Rectal Cancer.International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2023Article
- Trial watch: beta-blockers in cancer therapy.Oncoimmunology · 2023Article
- Readily available drugs and other interventions to potentially improve the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade in cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Neurotransmitters: promising immune modulators in the tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Strategies to overcome myeloid cell induced immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Reprogramming the Canine Glioma Microenvironment with Tumor Vaccination plus Oral Losartan and Propranolol Induces Objective Responses.Cancer research communications · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In a previous study on a xenograft model of melanoma, we showed that the beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist propranolol inhibits melanoma development by modulating angiogenesis, proliferation and cell survival. Stress hormones can influence tumor development in different ways and norepinephrine was shown to downregulate antitumor immune responses by favoring the accumulation of immunosuppressive cells, impairing the function of lymphocytes. We assessed the effect of propranolol on antitumor immune response in the MT/Ret mouse model of melanoma. Propranolol treatment delayed primary tumor growth and metastases development in MT/Ret mice. Consistent with our previous observations in human melanoma xenografts, propranolol induces a decrease in cell proliferation and vessel density in the primary tumors and in metastases. In this immunocompetent model, propranolol significantly reduced the infiltration of myeloid cells, particularly neutrophils, in the primary tumor. Inversely, cytotoxic tumor infiltrating lymphocytes were more frequent in the tumor stroma of treated mice. In a consistent manner, we observed the same shift in the proportions of infiltrating leukocytes in the metastases of treated mice. Our results suggest that propranolol, by decreasing the infiltration of immunosuppressive myeloid cells in the tumor microenvironment, restores a better control of the tumor by cytotoxic cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.