ArticlePsychological research2017
The effect of facial expressions on peripersonal and interpersonal spaces.
Article in Psychological research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers.
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Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Environmental context effects on affective and cognitive empathy in virtual reality.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Baby face enlarges perceived reachable space.Experimental brain research · 2026Article
- Visual attention towards virtual humans as a function of spatial distance and emotional expression: an eye-tracking study.Psychological research · 2026Article
- Stop Right Now, Thank You Very Much: Psychopathic Traits, Externalizing Dimensions, and Interpersonal Proximity.Journal of personality disorders · 2026Article
- Human superior colliculus pathways represent the form and motion of looming objects.Cell reports · 2026Article
- How implicit social information shapes spatial memory of objects.Psychological research · 2026Article
- Social exclusion increases interpersonal distance through need threat: buffering and amplifying roles of social identification and rejection sensitivity.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Interoceptive predictors of daily functioning in aging and their interaction with exteroceptive bodily representations.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Close encounters: Interpersonal proximity amplifies social appraisals.British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953) · 2025Article
- Social processing distorts physical distance perception.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Altered representation of peripersonal and interpersonal space in psychopathology.Clinical psychology review · 2024Review
- I can't feel your face: callous-unemotional traits, social anxiety, and approach-avoidance behaviour in conduct disorder.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2024Article
- Temporal mechanisms underlying visual processing bias in peri-hand space.Attention, perception & psychophysics · 2024Article
- How different face mask types affect interpersonal distance perception and threat feeling in social interaction.Cognitive processing · 2024Article
- Neuroanatomical correlates of peripersonal space: bridging the gap between perception, action, emotion and social cognition.Brain structure & function · 2024Review
- Perceived interpersonal distance changes in young Taiwanese pre and post SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Emotion-gaze interaction affects time-to-collision estimates, but not preferred interpersonal distance towards looming faces.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Effects of Target Variables on Interpersonal Distance Perception for Young Taiwanese during the COVID-19 Pandemic.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Identifying individuals' intent through the emotional valence conveyed by their facial expression influences our capacity to approach-avoid these individuals during social interactions. Here, we explore if and how the emotional valence of others' facial expressiveness modulates peripersonal-action and interpersonal-social spaces. Through Immersive Virtual Reality, participants determined reachability-distance (for peripersonal space) and comfort-distance (for interpersonal space) from male/female virtual confederates exhibiting happy, angry and neutral facial expressions while being approached by (passive-approach) or walking toward (active-approach) them. Results showed an increase of distance when seeing angry rather than happy confederates in both approach conditions of comfort-distance. The effect also appeared in reachability-distance, but only in the passive-approach. Anger prompts avoidant behaviors, and thus an expansion of distance, particularly with a potential violation of near body space by an intruder. Overall, the findings suggest that peripersonal-action space, in comparison with interpersonal-social space, is similarly sensitive to the emotional valence of stimuli. We propose that this similarity could reflect a common adaptive mechanism shared by these spaces, presumably at different degrees, for ensuring self-protection functions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.