Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27784770›Full record

ArticleNeurology2016

Gram-negative bacterial molecules associate with Alzheimer disease pathology.

Xinhua Zhan, Boryana Stamova, Lee-Way Jin, Charles DeCarli, Brett Phinney, Frank R Sharp

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neurology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 289 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
289citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
18.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

289 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 506 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Review
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  11. β-Amyloid (Aβ) and Human Cathelicidin LL-37: Two Sides of the Same Coin?International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Gut-brain axis in health and brain disease.Chinese medical journal · 2026
    Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Exploring the role of infectious pathogens in Alzheimer's disease neuroinflammation.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026
    Review
  19. Review
  20. Article

229 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Xinhua ZhanFrom the Department of Neurology (X.Z., B.S., C.D., F.R.S.), MIND Institute (X.Z., B.S., F.R.S.), Alzheimer's Disease Center (L.-W.J., C.D.), Department of Pathology (L.-W.J.), and Proteomics Core Facility, Genome Center (B.P.), University of California at Davis, Sacramento. xzhan@ucdavis.edu.
Boryana StamovaFrom the Department of Neurology (X.Z., B.S., C.D., F.R.S.), MIND Institute (X.Z., B.S., F.R.S.), Alzheimer's Disease Center (L.-W.J., C.D.), Department of Pathology (L.-W.J.), and Proteomics Core Facility, Genome Center (B.P.), University of California at Davis, Sacramento.
Lee-Way JinFrom the Department of Neurology (X.Z., B.S., C.D., F.R.S.), MIND Institute (X.Z., B.S., F.R.S.), Alzheimer's Disease Center (L.-W.J., C.D.), Department of Pathology (L.-W.J.), and Proteomics Core Facility, Genome Center (B.P.), University of California at Davis, Sacramento.
Charles DeCarliFrom the Department of Neurology (X.Z., B.S., C.D., F.R.S.), MIND Institute (X.Z., B.S., F.R.S.), Alzheimer's Disease Center (L.-W.J., C.D.), Department of Pathology (L.-W.J.), and Proteomics Core Facility, Genome Center (B.P.), University of California at Davis, Sacramento.
Brett PhinneyFrom the Department of Neurology (X.Z., B.S., C.D., F.R.S.), MIND Institute (X.Z., B.S., F.R.S.), Alzheimer's Disease Center (L.-W.J., C.D.), Department of Pathology (L.-W.J.), and Proteomics Core Facility, Genome Center (B.P.), University of California at Davis, Sacramento.
Frank R SharpFrom the Department of Neurology (X.Z., B.S., C.D., F.R.S.), MIND Institute (X.Z., B.S., F.R.S.), Alzheimer's Disease Center (L.-W.J., C.D.), Department of Pathology (L.-W.J.), and Proteomics Core Facility, Genome Center (B.P.), University of California at Davis, Sacramento.
Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative · US

Funding

NRF2 Anti-Oxidant Systems and White Matter HyperintensitiesR01AG042292 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI DECARLI, CHARLES, SHARP, FRANK R · 2013 to 2017
$3.0M
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG042292
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveWe determined whether Gram-negative bacterial molecules are associated with Alzheimer disease (AD) neuropathology given that previous studies demonstrate Gram-negative Escherichia coli bacteria can form extracellular amyloid and Gram-negative bacteria have been reported as the predominant bacteria found in normal human brains.

methodsBrain samples from gray and white matter were studied from patients with AD (n = 24) and age-matched controls (n = 18). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and E coli K99 pili protein were evaluated by Western blots and immunocytochemistry. Human brain samples were assessed for E coli DNA followed by DNA sequencing.

resultsLPS and E coli K99 were detected immunocytochemically in brain parenchyma and vessels in all AD and control brains. K99 levels measured using Western blots were greater in AD compared to control brains (p < 0.01) and K99 was localized to neuron-like cells in AD but not control brains. LPS levels were also greater in AD compared to control brain. LPS colocalized with Aβ

conclusionsE coli K99 and LPS levels were greater in AD compared to control brains. LPS colocalized with Aβ

Indexed as

AgedAged, 80 and overAlzheimer DiseaseAmyloid beta-PeptidesBlotting, WesternBrainDNA, BacterialEscherichia coliEscherichia coli ProteinsFemaleFluorescent Antibody TechniqueGray MatterHumansLipopolysaccharidesMalePeptide FragmentsAmyloid beta-Peptidesamyloid beta-protein (1-40)amyloid beta-protein (1-42)DNA, BacterialEscherichia coli ProteinsLipopolysaccharidesPeptide Fragments

Identifiers

PMID27784770
PMCPMC5135029
OpenAlexW2545292312

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.