SynthesisJournal of behavioral addictions2016
Problem gambling worldwide: An update and systematic review of empirical research (2000-2015).
Synthesis in Journal of behavioral addictions, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 325 papers, 18 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
325 citing papers in PubMed, 18 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 677 citations in OpenAlex.
- Common and disorder-specific aberrant activation during reward and loss processing in major depressive disorder and addiction: a meta-analysis of fMRI studies.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Mindfulness-based interventions for gambling disorder: A systematic review.Journal of behavioral addictions · 2026Pooled it
- Neural mechanisms of behavioral addiction: An ALE meta-analysis and MACM analysis.Journal of behavioral addictions · 2025Pooled it
- Why You Gamble Matters: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Association Between Gambling Motivation and Problem Gambling.Journal of gambling studies · 2025Pooled it
- The influence of age on gambling problems worldwide: A systematic review and meta-analysis of risk among younger, middle-aged, and older adults.Journal of behavioral addictions · 2024Pooled it
- Online Gambling: A Systematic Review of Risk and Protective Factors in the Adult Population.Journal of gambling studies · 2024Pooled it
- The prevalence of gambling problems in prison populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of behavioral addictions · 2024Pooled it
- Prevalence of Problem Gambling: A Meta-analysis of Recent Empirical Research (2016-2022).Journal of gambling studies · 2023Pooled it
- The Prevalence of Problem Gambling and Gambling Disorder Among Homeless People: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis.Journal of gambling studies · 2023Pooled it
- Risk Factors for Gambling Disorder: A Systematic Review.Journal of gambling studies · 2023Pooled it
- Emerging Gambling Problems and Suggested Interventions: A Systematic Review of Empirical Research.Journal of gambling studies · 2023Pooled it
- The Role of Attachment in Gambling Behaviors and Gambling Disorder: A Systematic Review.Journal of gambling studies · 2023Pooled it
- Preventive Gambling Programs for Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Global prevalence of help-seeking for problem gambling: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2022Pooled it
- Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Internet-based treatment of gambling problems: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Journal of behavioral addictions · 2021Pooled it
- Problematic online gambling among adolescents: A systematic review about prevalence and related measurement issues.Journal of behavioral addictions · 2021Pooled it
- Is Subtyping of Gamblers Based on the Pathways Model of Problem and Disordered Gambling Valid? A Systematic Review.Journal of gambling studies · 2021Pooled it
- Helping Others Promote Engagement in Gambling Support (HOPE-Gam): a Feasibility Randomised Controlled Trial.Journal of gambling studies · 2026Trial
- Factors Influencing Treatment Outcomes in a Randomized Clinical Trial for Gambling Disorder: A Secondary Analysis.European addiction research · 2026Trial
265 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background and aims Problem gambling has been identified as an emergent public health issue, and there is a need to identify gambling trends and to regularly update worldwide gambling prevalence rates. This paper aims to review recent research on adult gambling and problem gambling (since 2000) and then, in the context of a growing liberalization of the gambling market in the European Union, intends to provide a more detailed analysis of adult gambling behavior across European countries. Methods A systematic literature search was carried out using academic databases, Internet, and governmental websites. Results Following this search and utilizing exclusion criteria, 69 studies on adult gambling prevalence were identified. These studies demonstrated that there are wide variations in past-year problem gambling rates across different countries in the world (0.12-5.8%) and in Europe (0.12-3.4%). However, it is difficult to directly compare studies due to different methodological procedures, instruments, cut-offs, and time frames. Despite the variability among instruments, some consistent results with regard to demographics were found. Discussion and conclusion The findings highlight the need for continuous monitoring of problem gambling prevalence rates in order to examine the influence of cultural context on gambling patterns, assess the effectiveness of policies on gambling-related harms, and establish priorities for future research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.