ReviewPLoS neglected tropical diseases2016
The Relationship between Active Trachoma and Ocular Chlamydia trachomatis Infection before and after Mass Antibiotic Treatment.
Review in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- Stopping azithromycin mass drug administration for trachoma: A systematic review.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Pooled it
- A Randomised Trial of Three Face-Washing Methods for the Removal of Chlamydia trachomatis From the Faces of Children With Severe Active Trachoma.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2026Trial
- Seroreversion to Chlamydia trachomatis Pgp3 Antigen Among Children in a Hyperendemic Region of Amhara, Ethiopia.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- Prevalence of Ocular Chlamydia trachomatis Infection in Amhara Region, Ethiopia, after 8 Years of Trachoma Control Interventions.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2023Trial
- Community-level Association between Clinical Trachoma and Ocular Chlamydia Infection after MASS Azithromycin Distribution in a Mesoendemic Region of Niger.Ophthalmic epidemiology · 2019Trial
- Community-level chlamydial serology for assessing trachoma elimination in trachoma-endemic Niger.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Trial
- Comparison of Methods for Assessing Chlamydia trachomatis Transmission Intensity: A Systematic Review.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2026Article
- Impact of two rounds of azithromycin mass drug administration on active trachoma and ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection in Naoero.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Ocular community state types reveal distinct microbial compositions among microbiomes with implications for trachoma control.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Trachoma Prevalence in Al Rahad Locality, Sudan: Evaluating Chlamydia trachomatis Infection Prevalence as a Complementary Programmatic Indicator.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2026Article
- Monitoring of Chlamydia trachomatis infection and antibodies in low-prevalence districts of Amhara, Ethiopia: Insights from a hyper-endemic trachoma region.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Assessing trachoma elimination progress in districts with persistent trachoma, Western Province, Zambia.International health · 2025Article
- The prevalence of trachoma, ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection and anti-Pgp3 antibodies in Choiseul Province, Solomon Islands.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Cost-effectiveness of adding measurement of Chlamydia trachomatis infection and serology to trachoma prevalence surveys in Tanzania and Mozambique.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Trachoma.Lancet (London, England) · 2025Review
- Article
- Correlates of Trachoma Recrudescence: Results from 51 District-Level Trachoma Surveillance Surveys in Amhara, Ethiopia.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Article
- Progress Towards Elimination of Trachoma in Kenya 2017-2020.Ophthalmic epidemiology · 2024Article
- Serological Responses to Trachoma Antigens prior to the Start of Mass Drug Administration: Results from Population-Based Baseline Surveys, North Darfur, Sudan.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- Insights into Chlamydia Development and Host Cells Response.Microorganisms · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTrachoma is a blinding disease, initiated in early childhood by repeated conjunctival infection with the obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. The population prevalence of the clinical signs of active trachoma; ''follicular conjunctivitis" (TF) and/or ''intense papillary inflammation" (TI), guide programmatic decisions regarding the initiation and cessation of mass drug administration (MDA). However, the persistence of TF following resolution of infection at both the individual and population level raises concerns over the suitability of this clinical sign as a marker for C. trachomatis infection. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPLE
findingsWe systematically reviewed the literature for population-based studies and those including randomly selected individuals, which reported the prevalence of the clinical signs of active trachoma and ocular C. trachomatis infection by nucleic acid amplification test. We performed a meta-analysis to assess the relationship between active trachoma and C. trachomatis infection before and after MDA. TF and C. trachomatis infection were strongly correlated prior to MDA (r = 0.92, 95%CI 0.83 to 0.96, p<0.0001); the relationship was similar when the analysis was limited to children. A moderate correlation was found between TI and prevalence of infection. Following MDA, the relationship between TF and infection prevalence was weaker (r = 0.60, 95%CI 0.25 to 0.81, p = 0.003) and there was no correlation between TI and C. trachomatis infection. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Prior to MDA, TF is a good indicator of the community prevalence of C. trachomatis infection. Following MDA, the prevalence of TF tends to overestimate the underlying infection prevalence. In order to prevent unnecessary additional rounds of MDA and to accurately ascertain when elimination goals have been reached, a cost-effective test for C. trachomatis that can be administered in low-resource settings remains desirable.
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Registered trials
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