ArticleFrontiers in immunology2016
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Form a Barrier between Necrotic and Viable Areas in Acute Abdominal Inflammation.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Basophil Extracellular Traps in Immunity and Disease.Cancers · 2026Review
- Review
- Beyond Killing: The Overlooked Contribution of Neutrophils to Tissue Repair.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Effect and safety of sivelestat on acute severe pancreatitis with systemic inflammatory response syndrome: a retrospective study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Neutrophil extracellular traps characterize caseating granulomas.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
- From pancreas to lungs: The role of immune cells in severe acute pancreatitis and acute lung injury.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2024Review
- pH sensing at the intersection of tissue homeostasis and inflammation.Trends in immunology · 2023Review
- Review
- Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Correlate with Tumor Necrosis and Size in Human Malignant Melanoma Metastases.Biology · 2023Article
- Acute pancreatitis induces a transient hypercoagulable state in murine models.Pancreatology : official journal of the International Association of Pancreatology (IAP) ... [et al.] · 2023Article
- Pathophysiology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Innate Immune System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Liver ischaemia-reperfusion injury: a new understanding of the role of innate immunity.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2022Review
- Damage associated molecular patterns and neutrophil extracellular traps in acute pancreatitis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Review
- Role of neutrophil extracellular traps in radiation resistance of invasive bladder cancer.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Circulating CitH3 Is a Reliable Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker of Septic Patients in Acute Pancreatitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Investigating neutrophil cell death in TB pathogenesis.Gates open research · 2021Article
- NETs Are Double-Edged Swords with the Potential to Aggravate or Resolve Periodontal Inflammation.Cells · 2020Review
- Neutrophils as Main Players of Immune Response Towards Nondegradable Nanoparticles.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Targeting neutrophil extracellular traps in severe acute pancreatitis treatment.Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Neutrophils form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) of decondensed DNA and histones that trap and immobilize particulate matter and microbial pathogens like bacteria. NET aggregates reportedly surround and isolate large objects like monosodium urate crystals, which cannot be sufficiently cleared from tissues. In the setting of acute necrotizing pancreatitis, massive tissue necrosis occurs, which is organized as pancreatic pseudocysts (1). In contrast to regular cysts, these pseudocysts are not surrounded by epithelial layers. We hypothesize that, instead, the necrotic areas observed in necrotizing pancreatitis are isolated from the surrounding healthy tissues by aggregated NETs. These may form an alternative, putatively transient barrier, separating necrotic areas from viable tissue. To test this hypothesis, we investigated histological samples from the necropsy material of internal organs of two patients with necrotizing pancreatitis and peritonitis accompanied by multiple organ failure. Tissues including the inflammatory zone were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and evaluated for signs of inflammation. Infiltrating neutrophils and NETs were detected by immunohistochemistry for DNA, neutrophil elastase (NE), and citrullinated histone H3. Interestingly, in severely affected areas of pancreatic necrosis or peritonitis, chromatin stained positive for NE and citrullinated histone H3, and may, therefore, be considered NET-derived. These NET structures formed a layer, which separated the necrotic core from the areas of viable tissue remains. A condensed layer of aggregated NETs, thus, spatially shields and isolates the site of necrosis, thereby limiting the spread of necrosis-associated proinflammatory mediators. We propose that necrotic debris may initiate and/or facilitate the formation of the NET-based surrogate barrier.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.