Trial reportThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunology2016
Individualized therapy for persistent asthma in young children.
Trial report in The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 104 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
104 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 291 citations in OpenAlex.
- Establishing the best step-up treatments for children with uncontrolled asthma despite inhaled corticosteroids: the EINSTEIN systematic review, network meta-analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis using individual participant data.Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Best step-up treatments for children with uncontrolled asthma: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of individual participant data.The European respiratory journal · 2023Pooled it
- Features of successful interventions to improve adherence to inhaled corticosteroids in children with asthma: A narrative systematic review.Pediatric pulmonology · 2022Pooled it
- Corticosteroid plus βRespiratory research · 2017Pooled it
- A smartphone app for preschool wheezing and reliability of medical history collection.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2024Trial
- Effects of Nasal Solution Incorporating Resveratrol and Carboxymethyl-Β-Glucan in Preschool Non-Atopic Children with Wheezing.Nutrients · 2024Trial
- Adherence rates during a randomized controlled trial evaluating the use of blinded acetaminophen and ibuprofen in children with asthma.Contemporary clinical trials · 2021Trial
- Mometasone or Tiotropium in Mild Asthma with a Low Sputum Eosinophil Level.The New England journal of medicine · 2019Trial
- Phenotypes of Recurrent Wheezing in Preschool Children: Identification by Latent Class Analysis and Utility in Prediction of Future Exacerbation.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2019Trial
- Precision medicine to diagnose asthma in preschool children: comparison of clinical scores, lung function, biomarkers, and genetic tests.Paediatric respiratory reviews · 2026Review
- Development and external validation of a risk prediction tool for recurrent wheeze attacks in preschool children in England.ERJ open research · 2026Article
- Early-Life Wheezing and Atopic Burden Are Associated with Treatment-Defined Asthma Severity and Control in School-Age Children: A Two-Center Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Race Adjusted for Social and Environmental Disparities Is the Principal Determinant of T2HIGH Inflammation in Children With Severe Asthma.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2026Article
- Evidence-based guideline for clinical practice in the diagnosis, treatment, management, and prevention of recurrent wheezing in infants and toddlers in China.Pediatric investigation · 2026Article
- Preschool wheeze endotypes and their association with asthma attacks and inhaled corticosteroid response.ERJ open research · 2026Article
- Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells in pediatric asthma and bronchopulmonary dysplasia: neuroimmune-developmental mechanisms and translational implications.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- The Impact of Inhaled Corticosteroids on Lung Inflammation and Clinical Outcomes in Children with Oropharyngeal Dysphagia.The Journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Risk factors for recurrent attacks of wheeze in preschool children: a population-based cohort study in England.Archives of disease in childhood · 2025Article
- Leveraging artificial intelligence for the management of preschool wheeze: A narrative review.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2025Review
- Risk Factors and Mechanisms Leading to Preschool Recurrent Wheeze and Asthma.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2025Review
44 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on byReply.2017
Authors and funding
43 authors at 20 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPhenotypic presentations in young children with asthma are varied and might contribute to differential responses to asthma controller medications.
methodsThe Individualized Therapy for Asthma in Toddlers study was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy clinical trial in children aged 12 to 59 months (n = 300) with asthma necessitating treatment with daily controller (Step 2) therapy. Participants completed a 2- to 8-week run-in period followed by 3 crossover periods with daily inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs), daily leukotriene receptor antagonists, and as-needed ICS treatment coadministered with albuterol. The primary outcome was differential response to asthma medication based on a composite measure of asthma control. The primary analysis involved 2 stages: determination of differential response and assessment of whether 3 prespecified features (aeroallergen sensitization, previous exacerbations, and sex) predicted a differential response.
resultsSeventy-four percent (170/230) of children with analyzable data had a differential response to the 3 treatment strategies. Within differential responders, the probability of best response was highest for a daily ICS and was predicted by aeroallergen sensitization but not exacerbation history or sex. The probability of best response to daily ICS was further increased in children with both aeroallergen sensitization and blood eosinophil counts of 300/μL or greater. In these children daily ICS use was associated with more asthma control days and fewer exacerbations compared with the other treatments.
conclusionsIn young children with asthma necessitating Step 2 treatment, phenotyping with aeroallergen sensitization and blood eosinophil counts is useful for guiding treatment selection and identifies children with a high exacerbation probability for whom treatment with a daily ICS is beneficial despite possible risks of growth suppression.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.