Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27769058›Full record

ArticleOncotarget2016

Bortezomib-resistance is associated with increased levels of proteasome subunits and apoptosis-avoidance.

Yi-Xin Wu, Jia-Hua Yang, Hirotomo Saitsu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Oncotarget, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Hepatocellular carcinoma drug resistance models.Cancer cell international · 2025
    Review
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  10. Regulation of apoptosis by ubiquitination in liver cancer.American journal of cancer research · 2023
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Yi-Xin WuDepartment of Biochemistry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.
Jia-Hua YangDepartment of General Surgery, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Hirotomo SaitsuDepartment of Biochemistry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bortezomib (BTZ), a proteasome inhibitor, is the first proteasome inhibitor to be used in clinical practice. Here we investigated the mechanisms underlying acquired bortezomib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Using stepwise selection, we established two acquired bortezomib-resistant HCC cell lines, a bortezomib-resistant HepG2 cell line (HepG2/BTZ) and bortezomib-resistant HuH7 cell line (HuH7/BTZ). The 50% inhibitory concentration values of HepG2/BTZ and HuH7/BTZ were respectively 15- and 39-fold higher than those of parental cell lines. Sequence analysis of the bortezomib-binding pocket in the β5-subunit showed no mutation. However, bortezomib-resistant HCC cells had increased expression of β1 and β5 proteasome subunits. These alterations of proteasome expression were accompanied by a weak degree of proteasome inhibition in bortezomib-resistant cells than that in wild-type cells after bortezomib exposure. Furthermore, bortezomib-resistant HCC cells acquired resistance to apoptosis. Bortezomib up-regulated pro-apoptotic proteins of the Bcl-2 protein family, Bax and Noxa in wild-type HCC cells. However, in bortezomib-resistant HCC cells, resistance to apoptosis was accompanied by loss of the ability to stabilize and accumulate these proteins. Thus, increased expression and increased activity of proteasomes constitute an adaptive and auto regulatory feedback mechanism to allow cells to survive exposure bortezomib.

Indexed as

Drug Resistance, NeoplasmApoptosisApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsBortezomibCarcinoma, HepatocellularCell Line, TumorGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHep G2 CellsHumansLiver NeoplasmsProteasome Endopeptidase ComplexUp-RegulationApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsBortezomibProteasome Endopeptidase ComplexPSMB1 protein, humanPSMB5 protein, humanapoptosisBCL2bortezomib resistanthepatocellular carcinoma cellproteasome inhibitor

Identifiers

PMID27769058
PMCPMC5363609

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.