ArticleThe International journal on drug policy2017
Drug use in business bathrooms: An exploratory study of manager encounters in New York City.
Article in The International journal on drug policy, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Perspectives of Businesses on Physical and Virtual Harm Reduction Services in Canada: A Qualitative Study.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2026Article
- Feasibility and Acceptability of Restroom Motion Sensors for Detecting Overdoses.Substance use & addiction journal · 2026Article
- Acceptability and perceived feasibility of restroom motion sensors for overdose detection and response in public bathrooms: A cross-sectional study of businesses and community organizations.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
- Characteristics of drug-related deaths where individuals are found submerged in a bath or hot tub in the United Kingdom, 1997-2023.Drug and alcohol review · 2025Article
- Risk factors for persistent fatal opioid-involved overdose clusters in Massachusetts 2011-2021: a spatial statistical analysis with socio-economic, accessibility, and prescription factors.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Addressing overdose risks and fatalities in public bathrooms: insights from the development of a Safer Bathroom Toolkit in British Columbia, Canada.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2023Review
- A Radar-Based Opioid Overdose Detection Device for Public Restrooms: Design, Development, and Evaluation Study.JMIR biomedical engineering · 2023Article
- Article
- Stayin' Alive in Little 5: Application of Sentiment Analysis to Investigate Emotions of Service Industry Workers Responding to Drug Overdoses.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Substance Use and Overdose in Public Libraries: Results from a Five-State Survey in the US.Journal of community health · 2022Article
- Occupational Safety and Health and Illicit Opioids: State of the Research on Protecting Against the Threat of Occupational Exposure.New solutions : a journal of environmental and occupational health policy : NS · 2021Article
- Naloxone's role in the national opioid crisis-past struggles, current efforts, and future opportunities.Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Suspected heroin-related overdoses incidents in Cincinnati, Ohio: A spatiotemporal analysis.PLoS medicine · 2019Article
- Perspectives on supervised injection facilities among service industry employees in New York City: A qualitative exploration.The International journal on drug policy · 2018Article
- "Feeling confident and equipped": Evaluating the acceptability and efficacy of an overdose response and naloxone administration intervention to service industry employees in New York City.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2018Article
- Naloxone for heroin, prescription opioid, and illicitly made fentanyl overdoses: Challenges and innovations responding to a dynamic epidemic.The International journal on drug policy · 2017Article
- The Portapotty Experiment: Neoliberal approaches to the intertwined epidemics of opioid-related overdose and HIV/HCV, and why we need cultural anthropologists in the South Bronx.Dialectical anthropology · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThough public bathroom drug injection has been documented from the perspective of people who inject drugs, no research has explored the experiences of the business managers who oversee their business bathrooms and respond to drug use. These managers, by default, are first-responders in the event of a drug overdose and thus of intrinsic interest during the current epidemic of opioid-related overdoses in the United States. This exploratory study assists in elucidating the experiences that New York City business managers have with people who inject drugs, their paraphernalia, and their overdoses.
methodsA survey instrument was designed to collect data on manager encounters with drug use occurring in their business bathrooms. Recruitment was guided by convenience and purposive approaches.
resultsMore than half of managers interviewed (58%, n=50/86) encountered drug use in their business bathrooms, more than a third (34%) of these managers also found syringes, and the vast majority (90%) of managers had received no overdose recognition or naloxone training. Seven managers encountered unresponsive individuals who required emergency assistance.
conclusionThe results from this study underscore the need for additional research on the experiences that community stakeholders have with public injection as well as educational outreach efforts among business managers. This research also suggests that there is need for a national dialogue about potential interventions, including expanded overdose recognition and naloxone training and supervised injection facilities (SIF)/drug consumption rooms (DCR), that could reduce public injection and its associated health risks.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.