SynthesisPloS one2016
A Meta-Analysis of the Association between Gender and Protective Behaviors in Response to Respiratory Epidemics and Pandemics.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 95 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
95 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Meta-analysis of KAP toward COVID-19 in Chinese residents.Frontiers in public health · 2024Pooled it
- Global epidemiology of COVID-19 knowledge, attitude and practice: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2021Pooled it
- To comply or not comply? A latent profile analysis of behaviours and attitudes during the COVID-19 pandemic.PloS one · 2021Pooled it
- Using a decision support tool to reduce inappropriate antibiotic use after a delayed prescription.Applied psychology. Health and well-being · 2026Trial
- A global assessment of the level of trust in information sources and adherence to COVID-19 related preventive health behaviors: cross-sectional survey study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- The effect of personality on likelihood of contracting SARS-CoV-2 in the United States.Personality and individual differences · 2026Article
- Adoption of Covid-19 preventive behaviors in the community: Salvador and Rio de Janeiro.Revista de saude publica · 2026Article
- The impact of respiratory diseases on quality of life since the pandemic: a dual perspective based on objective consumption upgrading and subjective well-being.BMC public health · 2025Article
- The future of pandemic modeling in support of decision making: lessons learned from COVID-19.BMC global and public health · 2025Article
- Testing the mediating effect of risk perception on the relationship between e-health literacy and infectious disease prevention behaviors among young adults based on the IMB model.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Review
- Cross-Sectional Survey of Factors Contributing to COVID-19 Testing Hesitancy Among US Adults at Risk of Severe Outcomes from COVID-19.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2024Article
- Gender differences in COVID-19-related behaviours: evidence from three ethnic minority groups.Current issues in personality psychology · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- Risk and protective factors for severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among healthcare workers: A test-negative case-control study in Québec, Canada.Infection control and hospital epidemiology · 2023Article
- Enhancing the effectiveness of infectious disease health education for children and adolescents in China: a national multicenter school-based trial.BMC public health · 2023Article
- The influence of social conformity on mask-wearing behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Gendered Consequences of COVID-19 Among Professional Tennis Players.Journal of sports economics · 2023Article
- Determinants of Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination in Healthcare and Public Health Professionals: A Review.Vaccines · 2023Review
35 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Respiratory infectious disease epidemics and pandemics are recurring events that levy a high cost on individuals and society. The health-protective behavioral response of the public plays an important role in limiting respiratory infectious disease spread. Health-protective behaviors take several forms. Behaviors can be categorized as pharmaceutical (e.g., vaccination uptake, antiviral use) or non-pharmaceutical (e.g., hand washing, face mask use, avoidance of public transport). Due to the limitations of pharmaceutical interventions during respiratory epidemics and pandemics, public health campaigns aimed at limiting disease spread often emphasize both non-pharmaceutical and pharmaceutical behavioral interventions. Understanding the determinants of the public's behavioral response is crucial for devising public health campaigns, providing information to parametrize mathematical models, and ultimately limiting disease spread. While other reviews have qualitatively analyzed the body of work on demographic determinants of health-protective behavior, this meta-analysis quantitatively combines the results from 85 publications to determine the global relationship between gender and health-protective behavioral response. The results show that women in the general population are about 50% more likely than men to adopt/practice non-pharmaceutical behaviors. Conversely, men in the general population are marginally (about 12%) more likely than women to adopt/practice pharmaceutical behaviors. It is possible that factors other than pharmaceutical/non-pharmaceutical status not included in this analysis act as moderators of this relationship. These results suggest an inherent difference in how men and women respond to epidemic and pandemic respiratory infectious diseases. This information can be used to target specific groups when developing non-pharmaceutical public health campaigns and to parameterize epidemic models incorporating demographic information.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.