ArticleJournal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO2017
Midbrain Synchrony to Envelope Structure Supports Behavioral Sensitivity to Single-Formant Vowel-Like Sounds in Noise.
Article in Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed.
- Formant-frequency encoding in the inferior colliculus of awake rabbit: Physiological and model responses.Hearing research · 2026Article
- Noise statistics drive background- and channel-specific interference in auditory midbrain representations of speech.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Timbre Encoding in the Inferior Colliculus.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- Hierarchical transformations in sound envelope encoding differ across cortical layers.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2026Article
- Interareal and interlaminar differences in sound envelope encoding in core and parabelt auditory cortex.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Precise spike-timing information in the brainstem is well aligned with the needs of communication and the perception of environmental sounds.PLoS biology · 2025Article
- Deciphering Compromised Speech-in-Noise Intelligibility in Older Listeners: The Role of Cochlear Synaptopathy.eNeuro · 2025Article
- Hierarchical differences in the encoding of amplitude modulation in the subcortical auditory system of awake nonhuman primates.Journal of neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Neurometric amplitude modulation detection in the inferior colliculus of Young and Aged rats.Hearing research · 2024Article
- Neural Fluctuation Contrast as a Code for Complex Sounds: The Role and Control of Peripheral Nonlinearities.Hearing research · 2024Review
- Normal behavioral discrimination of envelope statistics in budgerigars with kainate-induced cochlear synaptopathy.Hearing research · 2024Article
- Histological Correlates of Auditory Nerve Injury from Kainic Acid in the Budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus).Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2023Article
- Mechanisms of masking by Schroeder-phase harmonic tone complexes in the budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus).Hearing research · 2023Article
- Animal models of hidden hearing loss: Does auditory-nerve-fiber loss cause real-world listening difficulties?Molecular and cellular neurosciences · 2022Review
- Responses to diotic tone-in-noise stimuli in the inferior colliculus: stimulus envelope and neural fluctuation cues.Hearing research · 2021Article
- Midbrain-Level Neural Correlates of Behavioral Tone-in-Noise Detection: Dependence on Energy and Envelope Cues.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2021Article
- Normal Tone-In-Noise Sensitivity in Trained Budgerigars despite Substantial Auditory-Nerve Injury: No Evidence of Hidden Hearing Loss.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2021Article
- Effects of noise precursors on the detection of amplitude and frequency modulation for tones in noise.The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · 2020Article
- Identifying cues for tone-in-noise detection using decision variable correlation in the budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus).The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Vowels make a strong contribution to speech perception under natural conditions. Vowels are encoded in the auditory nerve primarily through neural synchrony to temporal fine structure and to envelope fluctuations rather than through average discharge rate. Neural synchrony is thought to contribute less to vowel coding in central auditory nuclei, consistent with more limited synchronization to fine structure and the emergence of average-rate coding of envelope fluctuations. However, this hypothesis is largely unexplored, especially in background noise. The present study examined coding mechanisms at the level of the midbrain that support behavioral sensitivity to simple vowel-like sounds using neurophysiological recordings and matched behavioral experiments in the budgerigar. Stimuli were harmonic tone complexes with energy concentrated at one spectral peak, or formant frequency, presented in quiet and in noise. Behavioral thresholds for formant-frequency discrimination decreased with increasing amplitude of stimulus envelope fluctuations, increased in noise, and were similar between budgerigars and humans. Multiunit recordings in awake birds showed that the midbrain encodes vowel-like sounds both through response synchrony to envelope structure and through average rate. Whereas neural discrimination thresholds based on either coding scheme were sufficient to support behavioral thresholds in quiet, only synchrony-based neural thresholds could account for behavioral thresholds in background noise. These results reveal an incomplete transformation to average-rate coding of vowel-like sounds in the midbrain. Model simulations suggest that this transformation emerges due to modulation tuning, which is shared between birds and mammals. Furthermore, the results underscore the behavioral relevance of envelope synchrony in the midbrain for detection of small differences in vowel formant frequency under real-world listening conditions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.