ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2016
Impact of Health Insurance, ADAP, and Income on HIV Viral Suppression Among US Women in the Women's Interagency HIV Study, 2006-2009.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Free antiretrovirals as a key tool against the HIV pandemic: A systematic review.HIV medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Influence of Material Deprivation on Clinical Outcomes Among People Living with HIV in High-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.AIDS and behavior · 2022Pooled it
- Retention in care and antiretroviral therapy adherence among Medicaid beneficiaries with HIV, 2001-2015.AIDS care · 2024Article
- Retention in care and antiretroviral therapy adherence among Medicaid beneficiaries with HIV, 2001-2015.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- "I Haven't Been Ill, I Know It's There": a Case Study Examination of the Social, Behavioral, Clinical, and Structural Factors that Contribute to Sustained Viremia Among Women Living with HIV.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2022Article
- Neighborhood Characteristics, Intersectional Discrimination, Mental Health, and HIV Outcomes Among Black Women Living With HIV, Southeastern United States, 2019‒2020.American journal of public health · 2022Article
- Women's HIV disclosure to the dentist: Does frequent contact matter?Journal of public health dentistry · 2021Article
- Comparison of HIV Viral Suppression Between a Sample of Foreign-Born and U.S.-Born Women of Color in the United States.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2021Article
- Factors Associated with Viral Suppression Among Racial/Ethnic Minority Women in the Miami-Dade County Ryan White Program, 2017.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2021Article
- Health insurance and AIDS Drug Assistance Program (ADAP) increases retention in care among women living with HIV in the United States.AIDS care · 2021Article
- The relationship between urban and rural health insurance and the self-rated health of migrant workers in Southwest China.BMC health services research · 2021Article
- Perceived Healthcare Access among Persons with and without HIV Who Use Illicit Stimulants: The Role of Cumulative Risk.Substance use & misuse · 2021Article
- Health Care-Specific Enacted HIV-Related Stigma's Association with Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence and Viral Suppression Among People Living with HIV in Florida.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2020Article
- Despite early Medicaid expansion, decreased durable virologic suppression among publicly insured people with HIV in Washington, DC: a retrospective analysis.BMC public health · 2020Article
- Annual and durable HIV retention in care and viral suppression among patients of Peter Ho Clinic, 2013-2017.PloS one · 2020Article
- Exploring Social Determinants of Health as Predictors of Mortality During 2012-2016, Among Black Women with Diagnosed HIV Infection Attributed to Heterosexual Contact, United States.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2019Article
- Use of big data to identify risk of adverse HIV outcomes.The lancet. HIV · 2019Article
- The impact of drug coverage on viral suppression among people living with HIV in Ontario, Canada.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2018Article
- All-cause mortality among people with HIV released from an integrated system of jails and prisons in Connecticut, USA, 2007-14: a retrospective observational cohort study.The lancet. HIV · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundImplementation of the Affordable Care Act motivates assessment of health insurance and supplementary programs, such as the AIDS Drug Assistance Program (ADAP) on health outcomes of HIV-infected people in the United States. We assessed the effects of health insurance, ADAP, and income on HIV viral load suppression.
methodsWe used existing cohort data from the HIV-infected participants of the Women's Interagency HIV Study. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the time from 2006 to unsuppressed HIV viral load (>200 copies/mL) among those with Medicaid, private, Medicare, or other public insurance, and no insurance, stratified by the use of ADAP.
resultsIn 2006, 65% of women had Medicaid, 18% had private insurance, 3% had Medicare or other public insurance, and 14% reported no health insurance. ADAP coverage was reported by 284 women (20%); 56% of uninsured participants reported ADAP coverage. After accounting for study site, age, race, lowest observed CD4, and previous health insurance, the hazard ratio (HR) for unsuppressed viral load among those privately insured without ADAP, compared with those on Medicaid without ADAP (referent group), was 0.61 (95% CI: 0.48 to 0.77). Among the uninsured, those with ADAP had a lower relative hazard of unsuppressed viral load compared with the referent group (HR, 95% CI: 0.49, 0.28 to 0.85) than those without ADAP (HR, 95% CI: 1.00, 0.63 to 1.57).
conclusionsAlthough women with private insurance are most likely to be virally suppressed, ADAP also contributes to viral load suppression. Continued support of this program may be especially critical for states that have not expanded Medicaid.
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