ArticleCancer science2017
Changes in the tumor microenvironment during lymphatic metastasis of lung squamous cell carcinoma.
Article in Cancer science, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic value of preoperative circulating tumor DNA in non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2024Pooled it
- Anlotinib suppresses lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma through a process potentially involving VEGFR-3 signaling.Cancer biology & medicine · 2020Trial
- Differentially Expressed Genes in Matched Normal, Cancer, and Lymph Node Metastases Predict Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Breast Cancer.Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM · 2020Trial
- Cancer-associated fibroblast-derived stanniocalcin 1 promotes cholangiocarcinoma progression and lymph node metastasis.Fundamental research · 2026Article
- Molecular Characterization and Interaction between Human VEGF-D and VEGFR-3.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Article
- Dysfunction of CD8Cancer science · 2024Article
- Comprehensive analysis of gene expression profiles to identify differential prognostic factors of primary and metastatic breast cancer.Saudi journal of biological sciences · 2022Article
- Vasohibin 2 promotes lymphangiogenesis of lung squamous cell carcinoma through snail-dependent vascular endothelial growth factor-D (VEGF-D) signaling pathway.Annals of translational medicine · 2022Article
- Cancer-associated fibroblasts, matrix metalloproteinase-9 and lymphatic vessel density are associated with progression from adenocarcinomaOncology letters · 2020Article
- Prognostic impact of CD34 and SMA in cancer-associated fibroblasts in stage I-III NSCLC.Thoracic cancer · 2020Article
- Cigarette Smoke-Induced Pulmonary Inflammation Becomes Systemic by Circulating Extracellular Vesicles Containing Wnt5a and Inflammatory Cytokines.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Article
- Changes in the tumor microenvironment during lymphatic metastasis of lung squamous cell carcinoma.Cancer science · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Metastasis and growth in neoplastic lesions requires the multistep regulation of microenvironmental factors. We aimed to elucidate the microenvironmental changes in the process of lymphatic metastasis of lung squamous cell carcinoma. We examined the morphological characteristics of 102 cases of primary tumor (PT), 50 of intralymphatic tumor (ILT), 51 of lymph node (LN) micrometastasis (LN-Mic; ≤2 mm in size), and 82 of LN macrometastasis (LN-Mac; ≥10 mm in size). Afterwards we evaluated the expression of nine molecules (epidermal growth factor receptor, fibroblast growth factor receptor 2, CD44, aldehyde dehydrogenase 1, Podoplanin, E-cadherin, S100A4, geminin, and ezrin) in matched PT, ILT, LN-Mic, and LN-Mac from 23 of these cases. The number of smooth muscle actin α-positive fibroblasts, CD34-positive microvessels and CD204-positive macrophages were also examined. As a result, the mitotic index of tumor cells was significantly lower in ILT and LN-Mic than PT and LN-Mac (P < 0.001). Moreover, stromal reaction in ILT and LN-Mic was less prominent than in PT and LN-Mac (P < 0.001). Immunohistochemical study revealed that epidermal growth factor receptor expression level and frequency of geminin-positive cells in ILT and LN-Mic were significantly lower than in PT and LN-Mac (P < 0.05). The number of stromal cells indicated by staining of CD34, CD204, and smooth muscle actin α in ILT and LN-Mic was also significantly lower than in PT and LN-Mac (P < 0.05). In lung squamous cell carcinoma, drastic microenvironmental changes (e.g., growth factor receptor expression and proliferative capacity of tumor cells and structural changes in stromal cells) occur during both the process of lymphatic permeation and the progression into macrometastases.
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