ArticleMetabolic brain disease2017
Thymol improves high-fat diet-induced cognitive deficits in mice via ameliorating brain insulin resistance and upregulating NRF2/HO-1 pathway.
Article in Metabolic brain disease, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuroprotective Effects and Mechanisms of Carvacrol and Thymol in Alzheimer's Disease: A Scoping Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The beneficial properties of CBDA in diet-induced neuroinflammation.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Article
- Phytochemistry and Bioactivities of Thymol and Carvacrol: Molecular Pathways, Metabolism, and Therapeutic Insights.Food science & nutrition · 2026Review
- Brain insulin resistance: a key pathological hub linking metabolic and neuropsychiatric comorbidities.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Review
- A Lipid Road to Neuroimmunology: Fatty Acids Linking Immune and Nervous Systems.Neuroimmunomodulation · 2026Review
- Modulation of Nrf2 and Mitochondrial Function: Pharmacological Implications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Cuproptosis Contributes to Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity: Insights into Thymol's Potential Inhibitory and Protective Effects.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Type 3 Diabetes: Linking Insulin Resistance to Cognitive Decline.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Synergistic neuroprotective effects of Vitexin and Thymol against Okadaic acid-induced neurotoxicity: Computational and In vitro evaluation.Molecular biology reports · 2025Article
- Dietary Thymol-Carvacrol Cocrystal Supplementation Improves Growth Performance, Antioxidant Status, and Intestinal Health in Broiler Chickens.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Electroacupuncture Attenuates High-Fat Diet-Exacerbated Alzheimer's Pathology by Enhancing TFEB/TFE3-Mediated Autophagic Clearance of Tau and NLRP3 Inflammasome in 3xTg Mice.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Mechanistic Insights and Potential Therapeutic Implications of NRF2 in Diabetic Encephalopathy.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Review
- Brain-Gut and Microbiota-Gut-Brain Communication in Type-2 Diabetes Linked Alzheimer's Disease.Nutrients · 2024Review
- GSK3: A potential target and pending issues for treatment of Alzheimer's disease.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Review
- High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity Increases Brain Mitochondrial Complex I and Lipoxidation-Derived Protein Damage.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Therapeutic targeting of obesity-induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Effect of thymol on oxidative stress and reelin signaling pathway in Alzheimer's disease model.Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi · 2024Article
- Therapeutic Potential of Myrtenal and Its Derivatives-A Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Use of Monoterpenes as Potential Therapeutics in Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Review.Advances in pharmacological and pharmaceutical sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The impaired insulin signaling has been recognized as a common pathogenetic mechanism between diabetes and Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the progression of AD, brain is characterized by defective insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and increased oxidative stress. Thymol, a monoterpene phenol isolated from medicinal herbs, has exhibited robust neuroprotective effects. The present study was designed to investigate the protective effect of thymol on HFD-induced cognitive deficits, and explore the possible mechanisms. C57BL/6 J mice were fed for 12 weeks with either HFD or normal diet. The mice fed with HFD were dosed with metformin (200 mg/kg) or thymol (20, 40 mg/kg) daily. It was observed that thymol treatment significantly reversed the gain of body weight and peripheral insulin resistance induced by HFD. Meanwhile, thymol improved the cognitive impairments in the Morris Water Maze (MWM) test and decreased HFD-induced Aβ deposition and tau hyperphosphorylation in the hippocampus, which may be correlated with the inhibition of hippocampal oxidative stress and inflammation. In addition, thymol down-regulated the level of P-Ser307 IRS-1, and hence enhancing the expression of P-Ser473 AKT and P-Ser9 GSK3β. We further found that the protective effects of thymol on cognitive impairments were associated with the up-regulation of nuclear respiratory factor (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) pathway. In conclusion, thymol exhibited beneficial effects on HFD-induced cognitive deficits through improving hippocampal insulin resistance, and activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.