ArticleOncoimmunology
mRNA-transfected dendritic cell vaccine in combination with metronomic cyclophosphamide as treatment for patients with advanced malignant melanoma.
Article in Oncoimmunology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Take Five: harmonization in personalized cancer vaccines for cancer immunotherapy.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Next-generation neoantigen mRNA vaccines: Immuno-engineering strategies for precision cancer immunotherapy.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- Review
- mRNA vaccines in cancer immunotherapy: current progress and perspectives in solid tumors and hematologic malignancies.MedScience · 2026Review
- Biomarkers for predicting and monitoring the efficacy of cancer vaccines.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- mRNA therapeutics: Transforming medicine through innovation in design, delivery, and disease treatment.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Review
- Review
- Effects of the Alkylating Agent Cyclophosphamide in Potentiating Anti-Tumor Immunity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Advances in Nonviral mRNA Delivery Materials and Their Application as Vaccines for Melanoma Therapy.ACS applied bio materials · 2024Review
- Recent Findings on Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines: An Updated Review.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- mRNA vaccines: a new era in vaccine development.Oncology research · 2024Review
- Optimizing cancer therapy: a review of the multifaceted effects of metronomic chemotherapy.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- Advances of mRNA vaccine in tumor: a maze of opportunities and challenges.Biomarker research · 2023Review
- Self-assembled nanoparticles: A new platform for revolutionizing therapeutic cancer vaccines.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Review
- Potential of mRNA vaccines to become versatile cancer vaccines.World journal of clinical oncology · 2022Review
- mRNA-based therapeutics: powerful and versatile tools to combat diseases.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2022Review
- Review
- Therapeutic cancer vaccines.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2021Review
- The Ins and Outs of Messenger RNA Electroporation for Physical Gene Delivery in Immune Cell-Based Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionVaccination with dendritic cells (DCs) has generally not fulfilled its promise in cancer immunotherapy due to ineffective translation of immune responses into clinical responses. A proposed reason for this is intrinsic immune regulatory mechanisms, such as regulatory T cells (Tregs). A metronomic regimen of cyclophosphamide (mCy) has been shown to selectively deplete Tregs. To test this in a clinical setting, we conducted a phase I trial to evaluate the feasibility and safety of vaccination with DCs transfected with mRNA in combination with mCy in patients with metastatic malignant melanoma (MM). In addition, clinical and immunological effect of the treatment was evaluated. EXPERIMENTAL
designTwenty-two patients were enrolled and treated with six cycles of cyclophosphamide 50 mg orally bi-daily for a week every second week (day 1-7). During the six cycles patients received at least 5 × 10
resultsToxicity was manageable. Eighteen patients were evaluable after six cycles. Of these, nine patients had progressive disease as best response and nine patients achieved stable disease. In three patients minor tumor regression was observed. By IFNγ ELISpot and proliferation assay immune responses were seen in 6/17 and 4/17 patients, respectively; however, no correlation with clinical response was found. The percentage of Tregs was unchanged during treatment.
conclusionTreatment with autologous DCs transfected with mRNA in combination with mCy was feasible and safe. Importantly, mCy did not alter the percentage of Tregs in our patient cohort. There was an indication of clinical benefit; however, more knowledge is needed in order for DCs to be exploited as a therapeutic option.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.