ArticleAnaerobe2016
Effect of smokeless tobacco products on human oral bacteria growth and viability.
Article in Anaerobe, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Smokeless tobacco use and public health nutrition: a global systematic review.Public health nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- Impact of sudanese chewing tobacco toombak on oral bacteria - a culture-based pilot study.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Article
- Smoking-induced microbial dysbiosis: a key driver of systemic diseases and emerging therapeutic opportunities.Cell death discovery · 2025Review
- Smokeless Tobacco Harbors Bacteria Involved in Biofilm Formation as Well as Salt and Heavy Metal Tolerance Activity.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Oral microbiome dysbiosis among cigarette smokers and smokeless tobacco users compared to non-users.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Effect of different forms of tobacco on the oral microbiome in healthy adults: a systematic review.Frontiers in oral health · 2024Review
- Altered oral microbiome in Sudanese Toombak smokeless tobacco users carries a newly emerging risk of squamous cell carcinoma development and progression.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Smokeless tobacco consumption induces dysbiosis of oral mycobiome: a pilot study.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Compositional profile of mucosal bacteriome of smokers and smokeless tobacco users.Clinical oral investigations · 2022Article
- Characterization of Oral Bacterial Composition of Adult Smokeless Tobacco Users from Healthy Indians Using 16S rDNA Analysis.Microbial ecology · 2021Article
- Microorganisms: crucial players of smokeless tobacco for several health attributes.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2021Review
- Looking beyond the smokescreen: can the oral microbiome be a tool or target in the management of tobacco-associated oral cancer?Ecancermedicalscience · 2021Review
- The Role of the Microbiome in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Insight into the Microbiome-Treatment Axis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Tobacco Smoking and Use of Smokeless Tobacco and Their Association with Psychological Distress and Other Factors in a Rural District in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of environmental and public health · 2019Article
- Smokeless tobacco impacts oral microbiota in a Syrian Golden hamster cheek pouch carcinogenesis model.Anaerobe · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
To evaluate the toxicity of smokeless tobacco products (STPs) on oral bacteria, seven smokeless tobacco aqueous extracts (STAEs) from major brands of STPs and three tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines (TSNAs) were used in a growth and viability test against 38 oral bacterial species or subspecies. All seven STAEs showed concentration-dependent effects on the growth and viability of tested oral bacteria under anaerobic culture conditions, although there were strain-to-strain variations. In the presence of 1 mg/ml STAEs, the growth of 4 strains decreased over 0.32-2.14 log
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.