ArticleJournal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR2016
RARγ-induced E-cadherin downregulation promotes hepatocellular carcinoma invasion and metastasis.
Article in Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of RARG in solid tumor progression and therapeutic potential.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Differential Associations of PIVKA-II with Epithelial and Mesenchymal Features in HCC and PDAC.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The Emerging Oncogenic Role of RARγ: From Stem Cell Regulation to a Potential Cancer Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Oncogenic RARγ isoforms promote head and neck cancer proliferation through vinexin-β-mediated cell cycle acceleration and autocrine activation of EGFR signal.International journal of biological sciences · 2025Article
- Epigenetic modification of hepatitis B virus infection and related hepatocellular carcinoma.Virulence · 2024Review
- Comprehensive review and updated analysis of DNA methylation in hepatocellular carcinoma: From basic research to clinical application.Clinical and translational medicine · 2024Review
- Insights into vitamin A in bladder cancer, lack of attention to gut microbiota?Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- High expression of RARG accelerates ovarian cancer progression by regulating cell proliferation.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Retinoic Acid Receptor Gamma (RARMediators of inflammation · 2022Article
- Article
- Retinoids in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Krüppel-like factor 9 upregulates E-cadherin transcription and represses breast cancer invasion and metastasis.American journal of cancer research · 2021Article
- The Crosstalk Between Cancer Cells and Neutrophils Enhances Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis via Neutrophil Extracellular Traps-Associated Cathepsin G Component: A Potential Therapeutic Target.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2021Article
- RIPK4 Suppresses the Invasion and Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inhibiting the Phosphorylation of STAT3.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2021Article
- Wnt/β-catenin signaling as an emerging potential key pharmacological target in cholangiocarcinoma.Bioscience reports · 2020Review
- Article
- E-cadherin Downregulation and microRNAs in Sporadic Intestinal-Type Gastric Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- FZD2 regulates cell proliferation and invasion in tongue squamous cell carcinoma.International journal of biological sciences · 2019Article
- KLF4-Mediated CDH3 Upregulation Suppresses Human Hepatoma Cell Growth and Migration via GSK-3β Signaling.International journal of biological sciences · 2019Article
- Up-regulation of CDK16 by multiple mechanisms in hepatocellular carcinoma promotes tumor progression.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAberrant expression of Retinoic acid receptor γ (RARγ) is implicated in cancer development. Our previous study identified that RARγ functions as a tumor promoter to drive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) growth. However, its contribution to HCC invasion and metastasis remains unclear.
methodsRARγ expression in clinical HCC samples was detected by western blot and immunohistochemistry. The relationship between RARγ expression levels and the clinical characteristics were evaluated. HCC cell line MHCC-97H were stably knocked down RARγ using a lentivirus vector-based shRNA technique. The cells were analyzed by migration and invasion assays, and injected into nude mice to assess tumor metastasis. E-cadherin expression regulated by RARγ was examined by qPCR, western blot and immunofluorescence staining.
resultsThe expression of RARγ is significantly upregulated in human HCC tissues. Moreover, its expression positively correlates with tumor size, distant metastasis and TNM stage, and negatively correlates with length of survival of HCC patients. Knockdown of RARγ markedly inhibits HCC cell invasion and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic investigations reveal that RARγ functions through regulation of NF-κB-mediated E-cadherin downregulation to promote HCC invasion and metastasis. Notably, RARγ expression status negatively correlates with E-cadherin expression in HCC cell lines and clinical HCC samples.
conclusionsThese findings demonstrate that RARγ could promote HCC invasion and metastasis by regulating E-cadherin reduction, and implicate new strategies to aggressively treat HCC through targeting RARγ/E-cadherin signaling axis.
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