ArticleJournal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR2016
Spheres derived from the human SN12C renal cell carcinoma cell line are enriched in tumor initiating cells.
Article in Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intravesical Recurrence of Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: Strategies for Prevention.Current urology reports · 2026Review
- CXCR4, CXCR7 and PBRM1 are responsible for everolimus and cabozantinib resistance in human renal cancer cells.Cell death discovery · 2026Article
- Article
- Cysteine Cathepsins Inhibition Affects Their Expression and Human Renal Cancer Cell Phenotype.Cancers · 2020Article
- Human bronchial carcinoid tumor initiating cells are targeted by the combination of acetazolamide and sulforaphane.BMC cancer · 2019Article
- Development of extracellular matrix supported 3D culture of renal cancer cells and renal cancer stem cells.Cytotechnology · 2019Article
- Up-regulation of E-cadherin by saRNA inhibits the migration and invasion of renal carcinoma cells.International journal of clinical and experimental pathology · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRecently, tumor initiating cells (TICs), which possess self-renewal and other stem cell properties, are regarded as the cause of tumor initiation, recurrence and metastasis. The isolation and identification of TICs could help to develop novel therapeutic strategies.
methodsIn this study, we isolated spheroid cells from human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell line SN12C in stem cell-conditioned medium. The stemness characteristics of spheroid cells, including tumorigenicity, self-renewal, proliferation and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity were evaluated; the expression levels of stemness genes and related proteins were assessed. Furthermore, study examined the differentiation of TICs into endothelial cells and the relationship between TICs and EMT.
resultsOur data demonstrated that spheroid cells cultured in defined serum-free medium possessed TIC properties, such as high tumorigenic capacity, upregulation of TIC-related genes and proteins, persistent self-renewal and extensive proliferation. Furthermore, spheroid cells were more aggressive in growth, invasion, scratch recovery, clonogenic survival and high aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity. Interestingly, a marked increase in tumor vascularity compared to adherent tumors in vivo, and spheroid cells can differentiate into functional endothelial-like cells in vitro suggesting a role of tumor initiating cells in tumor angiogenesis. The spheroid cells also demonstrated down-regulated E-cadherin and up-regulated Vimentin expression, which is the typical phenotype of EMT.
conclusionsThese results suggest that spheroid cells with tumor initiating cells-like characteristics contributed to tumor generation, progression, high tumorigenicity, pro-angiogenic capability and relationship with EMT. Further experiments using more refined selection criteria such as a combination of two or multiple markers would be useful to specifically identify and purify TICs.
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