ArticleBMC infectious diseases2016
Drug susceptibility profiles of pulmonary Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from patients in informal urban settlements in Nairobi, Kenya.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in East Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- Drug resistance patterns and associated risk factors in pulmonary tuberculosis patients from selected hospitals in Ghana.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- An explainable artificial intelligence framework reveals mutations associated with drug resistance inBiosafety and health · 2025Article
- Drug-resistant tuberculosis: a persistent global health concern.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2024Review
- Investigating Spatial Patterns of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Main Related Factors in Bandar Lampung, Indonesia Using Geographically Weighted Poisson Regression.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2022Article
- Whole-genome sequencing ofEpidemiology and infection · 2022Article
- Performance of Genotype MTBDRsl V2.0 over the Genotype MTBDRsl V1 for detection of second line drug resistance: An Indian perspective.PloS one · 2020Article
- Association of gyrA and rrs gene mutations detected by MTBDRsl V1 on Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains of diverse genetic background from India.Scientific reports · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAnti-tuberculosis drug resistance is an emerging health problem in Kenya and especially in slums. Slum environments create a conducive environment for the spread of tuberculosis (TB) due to high population density and lack of basic amenities such as decent housing, access to clean water, lack of drainage and basic sanitation. Furthermore, ineffective health services in crowded and poorer populations, poor patient compliance, a large pool of untreated cases, delayed diagnosis and inappropriate treatment regimens are likely to favour selection and spread of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strains in such settings, however, precise data on this problem are only sparsely available. To address this question, this study aimed at determining drug resistance patterns of Mtb strains obtained from pulmonary TB patients who sought health care in randomly selected informal settings.
methodsThis is a cross-sectional study conducted between September 2014 and March 2015, sputum samples were collected from 223 consenting adult patients and subjected to primary isolation and drug susceptibility testing. Socio-demographic data was collected and all data analysed using SPSS v20.
resultsDrug susceptibility testing against first line drugs was successfully carried out on 184 isolates. Resistance to at-least one drug was observed in 33 % of the isolates. The highest prevalence of resistance to any drug was identified against isoniazid,(INH) (23.9 %) followed by Ethambutol (EMB) (13.6 %). The highest proportion of mono resistance was observed against INH, 25 (13.6 %). Multidrug resistance (MDR) was observed in 4.4 % of the new cases. There was no significant difference in the proportion of any resistance by sex, age or previous treatment.
conclusionLevels of drug resistance have reached an alarming level in this population. Capacity of laboratories to conduct TB culture and DST should be strengthened in order to adequately manage TB patients and stop further creation and spread of MDR TB.
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