Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27752438›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental sciences Europe2016

Trends in glyphosate herbicide use in the United States and globally.

Charles M Benbrook

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental sciences Europe, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 402 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
402citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
59.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

402 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,806 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Systematic literature review of the epidemiology of glyphosate and neurological outcomes.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2023
    Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Mesoporous Silica SBA-15 and SBA-15-NHNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
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  10. CMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
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  14. Development of anMicromachines · 2026
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342 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.

Charles M BenbrookBenbrook Consulting Services, 90063 Troy Road, Enterprise, OR 97828 USA.
Enterprise Community Partners · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAccurate pesticide use data are essential when studying the environmental and public health impacts of pesticide use. Since the mid-1990s, significant changes have occurred in when and how glyphosate herbicides are applied, and there has been a dramatic increase in the total volume applied.

methodsData on glyphosate applications were collected from multiple sources and integrated into a dataset spanning agricultural, non-agricultural, and total glyphosate use from 1974-2014 in the United States, and from 1994-2014 globally.

resultsSince 1974 in the U.S., over 1.6 billion kilograms of glyphosate active ingredient have been applied, or 19 % of estimated global use of glyphosate (8.6 billion kilograms). Globally, glyphosate use has risen almost 15-fold since so-called "Roundup Ready," genetically engineered glyphosate-tolerant crops were introduced in 1996. Two-thirds of the total volume of glyphosate applied in the U.S. from 1974 to 2014 has been sprayed in just the last 10 years. The corresponding share globally is 72 %. In 2014, farmers sprayed enough glyphosate to apply ~1.0 kg/ha (0.8 pound/acre) on every hectare of U.S.-cultivated cropland and nearly 0.53 kg/ha (0.47 pounds/acre) on all cropland worldwide.

conclusionsGenetically engineered herbicide-tolerant crops now account for about 56 % of global glyphosate use. In the U.S., no pesticide has come remotely close to such intensive and widespread use. This is likely the case globally, but published global pesticide use data are sparse. Glyphosate will likely remain the most widely applied pesticide worldwide for years to come, and interest will grow in quantifying ecological and human health impacts. Accurate, accessible time-series data on glyphosate use will accelerate research progress.

Indexed as

Genetic engineeringGlyphosateHerbicide-tolerant cropsHerbicide usePesticide useRoundup

Identifiers

PMID27752438
PMCPMC5044953
OpenAlexW2255447065

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.