ArticleNature nanotechnology2016
Programmable artificial phototactic microswimmer.
Article in Nature nanotechnology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 105 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
105 citing papers in PubMed.
- Photoactive Tweezers.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- CD5Science advances · 2026Article
- Building with Light: Photoactive Colloids as the Next Generation Meta-Atoms.Nano letters · 2026Review
- Bienzyme-powered nanorobots with ultrasensitive chemotaxis for precision cancer therapy.National science review · 2026Article
- Interactions Between Active Matters and Endogenous Fields.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Review
- Biohybrid Chlorella-HSA with Self-Oxygenation and Dual-Modal activation for synergistic Photo-Sonodynamic immunotherapy.Ultrasonics sonochemistry · 2025Article
- A roadmap for next-generation nanomotors.Nature nanotechnology · 2025Review
- Technology Roadmap of Micro/Nanorobots.ACS nano · 2025Review
- Nonequilibrium Self-Assembly of Microtubules Through Stepwise Sequential Interactions of DNA.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Article
- Unraveling Charge Transport in Heterostructured Nanomotors for Efficient Photocatalytic Motion.Nano letters · 2025Article
- Chemotactic Zn micromotor for treatment of high blood ammonia-associated hepatic encephalopathy.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Dynamics of Pulsed-Laser Interaction with Janus Particles.ACS photonics · 2025Article
- Externally controlled intermittent randomization enables complex navigation of multiple nanobots.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Dual-Energy Integration in Photoresponsive Micro/Nanomotors: From Strategic Design to Biomedical Applications.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Review
- Swarm Autonomy: From Agent Functionalization to Machine Intelligence.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Review
- Application of Micro/Nanomotors in Environmental Remediation: A Review.Micromachines · 2024Review
- Light-dependent switching between two flagellar beating states selects versatile phototaxis strategies in microswimmers.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Photophoretic MoSACS applied materials & interfaces · 2024Article
- Continuous motion of particles attached to cavitation bubbles.Ultrasonics sonochemistry · 2024Article
- Boosting the Efficiency of Photoactive Rod-Shaped Nanomotors via Magnetic Field-Induced Charge Separation.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2024Article
45 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Phototaxis is commonly observed in motile photosynthetic microorganisms. For example, green algae are capable of swimming towards a light source (positive phototaxis) to receive more energy for photosynthesis, or away from a light source (negative phototaxis) to avoid radiation damage or to hide from predators. Recently, with the aim of applying nanoscale machinery to biomedical applications, various inorganic nanomotors based on different propulsion mechanisms have been demonstrated. The only method to control the direction of motion of these self-propelled micro/nanomotors is to incorporate a ferromagnetic material into their structure and use an external magnetic field for steering. Here, we show an artificial microswimmer that can sense and orient to the illumination direction of an external light source. Our microswimmer is a Janus nanotree containing a nanostructured photocathode and photoanode at opposite ends that release cations and anions, respectively, propelling the microswimmer by self-electrophoresis. Using chemical modifications, we can control the zeta potential of the photoanode and program the microswimmer to exhibit either positive or negative phototaxis. Finally, we show that a school of microswimmers mimics the collective phototactic behaviour of green algae in solution.
Indexed as
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.