ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2016
Strength of Evidence on Demand Creation for Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision From 7 Impact Evaluations in Southern and Eastern Africa.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- The effectiveness of demand creation interventions for voluntary male medical circumcision for HIV prevention in sub-Saharan Africa: a mixed methods systematic review.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2019Pooled it
- Women's role in male circumcision promotion in Rakai, Uganda.AIDS care · 2019Article
- Adolescent Wound-Care Self-Efficacy and Practices After Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision-A Multicountry Assessment.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Article
- Modifying the health system to maximize voluntary medical male circumcision uptake: a qualitative study in Botswana.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSeven new impact evaluations of pilot programs for increasing the demand for voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) provide evidence of what works and what does not. The study findings suggest that financial compensation designed to relieve the opportunity or transportation costs from undergoing the procedure can increase the uptake of VMMC. There is also evidence that programs using peer influence can be effective, although so far only sports-based programs demonstrate a strong effect. We explore the strength of evidence in each of these 7 studies to better interpret the findings for policy making.
methodsWe perform a risk of bias assessment and conduct power calculations using actual values for each of the 7 studies.
resultsThree of the 7 studies have a medium risk of bias, whereas the other 4 have a low risk of bias. All but 2 of the studies have adequate power to detect meaningful effects. In the 2 with insufficient power, the estimated effects are large but statistically insignificant.
conclusionThe positive evidence that financial incentives presented as compensation for opportunity costs to men seeking and obtaining VMMC can increase uptake comes from strong studies, which have high power and low to medium risk of bias. The positive evidence that a comprehensive sports-based program for young men can increase uptake also comes from a strong study. The strength of the studies further validates these findings.
Indexed as
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.