ReviewEpidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)2017
Temporally Varying Relative Risks for Infectious Diseases: Implications for Infectious Disease Control.
Review in Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Birth Cohort Studies Assessing Norovirus Infection and Immunity in Young Children: A Review.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Pooled it
- Periods of high dengue transmission defined by rainfall do not impact efficacy of dengue vaccine in regions of endemic disease.PloS one · 2018Trial
- Examining epidemiologic disparity across SARS-CoV-2 variant-dominant periods in Oklahoma County, Oklahoma (March 12, 2020-February 28, 2022).Journal of public health research · 2025Article
- Completeness and Timeliness of Vietnam's National COVID-19 Reporting System Among Schoolchildren in Thai Nguyen City, Vietnam During the Omicron Variant Epidemic.Asia-Pacific journal of public health · 2024Article
- Spatial scales of COVID-19 transmission in Mexico.PNAS nexus · 2024Article
- What's next: using infectious disease mathematical modelling to address health disparities.International journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- The role of place-based factors and other social determinants of health on adverse post-sepsis outcomes: a review of the literature.Frontiers in disaster and emergency medicine · 2024Article
- COVID-19 surveillance in the Flemish school system: development of systematic data collection within the public health school system and descriptive analysis of cases reported between October 2020 and June 2021.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Article
- Potential Biases Arising From Epidemic Dynamics in Observational Seroprotection Studies.American journal of epidemiology · 2021Article
- Waning of Measured Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Over Time: The Potential Contribution of Leaky Vaccine Effect.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- On the increasing role of older adolescents and younger adults during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Mexico.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2020Article
- Lockdown measures and relative changes in the age-specific incidence of SARS-CoV-2 in Spain.Epidemiology and infection · 2020Article
- Lockdown measures and relative changes in the age-specific incidence of SARS-CoV-2 in Spain.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2020Article
- Targeted surveillance strategies for efficient detection of novel antibiotic resistance variants.eLife · 2020Article
- Potential biases arising from epidemic dynamics in observational seroprotection studies.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2020Article
- Transmissibility of influenza during the 21st-century epidemics, Spain, influenza seasons 2001/02 to 2017/18.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2020Article
- The effect of human mobility and control measures on the COVID-19 epidemic in China.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2020Article
- Temporal rise in the proportion of both younger adults and older adolescents among COVID-19 cases in Germany: evidence of lesser adherence to social distancing practices?medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2020Article
- Temporal rise in the proportion of younger adults and older adolescents among coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases following the introduction of physical distancing measures, Germany, March to April 2020.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Risks for disease in some population groups relative to others (relative risks) are usually considered to be consistent over time, although they are often modified by other, nontemporal factors. For infectious diseases, in which overall incidence often varies substantially over time, the patterns of temporal changes in relative risks can inform our understanding of basic epidemiologic questions. For example, recent studies suggest that temporal changes in relative risks of infection over the course of an epidemic cycle can both be used to identify population groups that drive infectious disease outbreaks, and help elucidate differences in the effect of vaccination against infection (that is relevant to transmission control) compared with its effect against disease episodes (that reflects individual protection). Patterns of change in the age groups affected over the course of seasonal outbreaks can provide clues to the types of pathogens that could be responsible for diseases for which an infectious cause is suspected. Changing apparent efficacy of vaccines during trials may provide clues to the vaccine's mode of action and/or indicate risk heterogeneity in the trial population. Declining importance of unusual behavioral risk factors may be a signal of increased local transmission of an infection. We review these developments and the related public health implications.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.