Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27748443›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2016

Nitroheterocyclic drugs cure experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infections more effectively in the chronic stage than in the acute stage.

Amanda Fortes Francisco, Shiromani Jayawardhana, Michael D Lewis, Karen L White, David M Shackleford, Gong Chen, Jessica Saunders, Maria Osuna-Cabello, Kevin D Read, Susan A Charman and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
46citing papers in PubMed
8.1field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

46 citing papers in PubMed, 100 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Human Histatin 5 Exerts Anti-Trypanosomal Activity AgainstInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026
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  6. Statins do not reduce the parasite burden during experimentalAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025
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  8. Discovery and Early Optimization of 1Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2025
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  9. Review
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  14. Persistent biofluid small molecule alterations induced bybioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023
    Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. The translational challenge in Chagas disease drug development.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2022
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Amanda Fortes FranciscoDepartment of Pathogen Molecular Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
Shiromani JayawardhanaDepartment of Pathogen Molecular Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
Michael D LewisDepartment of Pathogen Molecular Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
Karen L WhiteCentre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville 3052, Australia.
David M ShacklefordCentre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville 3052, Australia.
Gong ChenCentre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville 3052, Australia.
Jessica SaundersCentre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville 3052, Australia.
Maria Osuna-CabelloDrug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK.
Kevin D ReadDrug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK.
Susan A CharmanCentre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville 3052, Australia.
Eric ChatelainDrugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative (DNDi), 15 Chemin Louis-Dunant, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland.
John M KellyDepartment of Pathogen Molecular Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
Monash University · AULondon School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine · GBUniversity of Dundee · GBUniversity of London · GBDrugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative · CH

Funding

British Heart Foundation PG/13/88/30556Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 092340MFWellcome Trust 105021
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The insect-transmitted protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease, and infects 5-8 million people in Latin America. Chagas disease is characterised by an acute phase, which is partially resolved by the immune system, but then develops as a chronic life-long infection. There is a consensus that the front-line drugs benznidazole and nifurtimox are more effective against the acute stage in both clinical and experimental settings. However, confirmative studies have been restricted by difficulties in demonstrating sterile parasitological cure. Here, we describe a systematic study of nitroheterocyclic drug efficacy using highly sensitive bioluminescence imaging of murine infections. Unexpectedly, we find both drugs are more effective at curing chronic infections, judged by treatment duration and therapeutic dose. This was not associated with factors that differentially influence plasma drug concentrations in the two disease stages. We also observed that fexinidazole and fexinidazole sulfone are more effective than benznidazole and nifurtimox as curative treatments, particularly for acute stage infections, most likely as a result of the higher and more prolonged exposure of the sulfone derivative. If these findings are translatable to human patients, they will have important implications for treatment strategies.

Indexed as

AnimalsArea Under CurveChagas DiseaseDisease Models, AnimalFemaleMaleMiceMice, Inbred BALB CMice, Inbred C3HNifurtimoxNitroimidazolesTreatment OutcomeTrypanocidal AgentsTrypanosoma cruzibenzonidazolefexinidazoleNifurtimoxNitroimidazolesTrypanocidal Agents

Identifiers

PMID27748443
PMCPMC5066210
OpenAlexW2539206504

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.