ArticleScientific reports2016
Vectorization of biomacromolecules into cells using extracellular vesicles with enhanced internalization induced by macropinocytosis.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bioengineered extracellular vesicles escape lysosomal degradation and deliver Tet-PKM2 for macrophage immunometabolic reprogramming and periodontitis treatment.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Unveiling alternate pathways for SARS-CoV-2 infection via extracellular vesicle-mediated transfer of ACE2 and TMPRSS2.Nature communications · 2026Article
- A versatile platform for chemical engineering of exosomes empowered by ADP-ribosyl cyclases.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Cardiac repair and regeneration: cell therapy, in vivo reprogramming, and the promise of extracellular vesicles.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Peptide based vesicles for cancer immunotherapy: design, construction and applications.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- HaloTag display enables quantitative single-particle characterisation and functionalisation of engineered extracellular vesicles.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2024Article
- Novel loading protocol combines highly efficient encapsulation of exogenous therapeutic toxin with preservation of extracellular vesicles properties, uptake and cargo activity.Discover nano · 2024Article
- Extracellular Microvesicles Modified with Arginine-Rich Peptides for Active Macropinocytosis Induction and Delivery of Therapeutic Molecules.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2024Article
- Methods, Mechanisms, and Application Prospects for Enhancing Extracellular Vesicle Uptake.Current medical science · 2024Review
- Engineered Vesicles and Hydrogel Technologies for Myocardial Regeneration.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Inkjet-Based Intracellular Delivery System that Effectively Utilizes Cell-Penetrating Peptides for Cytosolic Introduction of Biomacromolecules through the Cell Membrane.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2023Article
- A Comparison of Cellular Uptake Mechanisms, Delivery Efficacy, and Intracellular Fate between Liposomes and Extracellular Vesicles.Advanced healthcare materials · 2023Review
- Cell-Penetrating Peptide-Based Delivery of Macromolecular Drugs: Development, Strategies, and Progress.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Emerging Landscape of Cell-Penetrating Peptide-Mediated Organelle Restoration and Replacement.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2023Review
- Behind the Scenes of Extracellular Vesicle Therapy for Skin Injuries and Disorders.Advances in wound care · 2022Review
- Molecular Docking and Intracellular Translocation of Extracellular Vesicles for Efficient Drug Delivery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- From Immunotoxins to Suicide Toxin Delivery Approaches: Is There a Clinical Opportunity?Toxins · 2022Review
- Extracellular vesicles in cardiovascular disease: Biological functions and therapeutic implications.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2022Review
- Review
- Exosomes in the Pathogenesis, Progression, and Treatment of Osteoarthritis.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs, exosomes) are approximately 30- to 200-nm-long vesicles that have received increased attention due to their role in cell-to-cell communication. Although EVs are highly anticipated to be a next-generation intracellular delivery tool because of their pharmaceutical advantages, including non-immunogenicity, their cellular uptake efficacy is low because of the repulsion of EVs and negatively charged cell membranes and size limitations in endocytosis. Here, we demonstrate a methodology for achieving enhanced cellular EV uptake using arginine-rich cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) to induce active macropinocytosis. The induction of macropinocytosis via a simple modification to the exosomal membrane using stearylated octaarginine, which is a representative CPP, significantly enhanced the cellular EV uptake efficacy. Consequently, effective EV-based intracellular delivery of an artificially encapsulated ribosome-inactivating protein, saporin, in EVs was attained.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.