ArticlePreventive medicine2016
Perceptions of social norms and exposure to pro-marijuana messages are associated with adolescent marijuana use.
Article in Preventive medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 116 citations in OpenAlex.
- PMI's heated tobacco products marketing claims of reduced risk and reduced exposure may entice youth to try and continue using these products.Tobacco control · 2020Trial
- Handwashing Message Type Predicts Behavioral Intentions in the United States at the Beginning of the Global COVID-19 Pandemic.Frontiers in public healthTrial
- Perceptions of Cannabis Vaping Advertising Messages and Warnings Among US Young Adults.Substance use & addiction journal · 2026Article
- Reasons for Using Cannabis Among Adults in the United States: Associations with Demographics, Health Behaviors, Chronic Conditions, and Legal Status.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Understanding the acceptance of medical marijuana among Malaysian adults: a cross-sectional online survey.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Prevalence and socio-ecological correlates of adolescent alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use in the Turks and Caicos Islands.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- A longitudinal mediated examination of legal, commercial, and individual determinants of cannabis and derived cannabis use behaviors and consequences among US young adults.Addictive behaviors · 2026Article
- Article
- Cannabis Marketing Strategies in the United States: A Descriptive Analysis of Four Prominent Companies.Substance use & addiction journal · 2025Article
- Differences in Online Descriptions and Marketing of Derived Intoxicating Cannabis Products.Journal of psychoactive drugs · 2025Article
- How are pro- and anti-cannabis messaging exposures related to US young adult cannabis use-related factors?Health education research · 2025Article
- Discriminatory Harassment and Marijuana Use Among Adolescents in Oregon Counties that Vary in Retail Availability of Marijuana.Substance use & misuse · 2025Article
- Knowledge and beliefs about blunts among youth in the United States.Preventive medicine reports · 2024Article
- In harm's way: Do college students' beliefs about cannabis put them at risk for use?Journal of American college health : J of ACH · 2024Article
- Concern over tobacco and marijuana perceptions and use among adolescents and young adults with cystic fibrosis.Addictive behaviors · 2023Article
- Multilevel Risk and Protective Factors for Frequent and Nonfrequent Past-30-Day Marijuana Use: Findings From a Representative Sample of High School Youth.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2023Article
- Cannabis use among adolescents and emerging adults who use e-cigarettes: Findings from an online, national U.S. Sample.Addictive behaviors · 2023Article
- Past-Year Blunt Smoking among Youth: Differences by LGBT and Non-LGBT Identity.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Evaluation of the Daily Sessions, Frequency, Age of Onset, and Quantity of Cannabis Use Questionnaire and its Relations to Cannabis-Related Problems.Cannabis (Albuquerque, N.M.) · 2023Article
- Trends in Alcohol, Cigarette, E-Cigarette, and Nonprescribed Pain Reliever Use Among Young Adults in Washington State After Legalization of Nonmedical Cannabis.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Despite consistent declines in rates of cigarette use among adolescents in the last five years, rates of marijuana use have remained constant, with marijuana being the most widely used illegal drug among adolescents. More work is needed to understand how social norms, perceived risks and benefits, and social media messaging impact use of marijuana. This study compared perceptions and social norms related to marijuana, blunts and cigarettes. Additionally, we assessed how perceptions related to social norms, risks and benefits, and exposure to pro- versus anti-marijuana messaging is related to use. Participants were 786 adolescents from Southern and Northern California (36.7% male, 63.21% females; mean age=16.1years; SD=1.6). Participants came from diverse ethnic backgrounds, with 207 (26.61%) White, 171 (21.98%) Asian/Pacific Islander, 232 (29.82%) Hispanic, and 168 (21.59%) other. Results indicated that marijuana and blunts were consistently perceived as more socially acceptable and less risky than cigarettes (p<0.01). Participants who reported that their friends used marijuana had a 27% greater odds of using marijuana themselves. Further, seeing messages about the good things or benefits of marijuana use was associated with a 6% greater odds of use [OR 1.06 (CI 1.00, 1.12)]. This study's findings offer a number of important public health implications, particularly as states move towards legalization of marijuana for recreational use. As this occurs, states need to take adolescents' perceptions of risks, benefits, social norms, and peer influences into account as they implement strategies to reduce youth use of marijuana and blunts.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.