Trial reportThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunology2017
Factors influencing the infant gut microbiome at age 3-6 months: Findings from the ethnically diverse Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial (VDAART).
Trial report in The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers, 13 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
99 citing papers in PubMed, 13 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 153 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- From Mind to Milk: The Influence of Psychological Factors on the Composition of Human Breast Milk.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Vitamin D supplementation for women during pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- The Impact of Cesarean Section Delivery on Intestinal Microbiota: Mechanisms, Consequences, and Perspectives-A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Breastfeeding Affects Concentration of Faecal Short Chain Fatty Acids During the First Year of Life: Results of the Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- The Association between Vitamin D and Gut Microbiota: A Systematic Review of Human Studies.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- A systematic review of microbiome changes and impact of probiotic supplementation in children and adolescents with neuropsychiatric disorders.Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Impact of Maternal Nutritional Supplementation during Pregnancy and Lactation on the Infant Gut or Breastmilk Microbiota: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- Vitamin D supplementation for term breastfed infants to prevent vitamin D deficiency and improve bone health.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Vitamin D and the gut microbiome: a systematic review of in vivo studies.European journal of nutrition · 2019Pooled it
- Vitamin D supplementation for women during pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of effects of exclusive breastfeeding on infant gut microbiota across populations.Nature communications · 2018Pooled it
- Maternal exposures and the infant gut microbiome: a systematic review with meta-analysis.Gut microbesPooled it
- Effect of a complementary feeding intervention based on iron- and zinc-biofortified pearl millet on the gut microbiota in 12-18-month-old children: a randomized trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Randomized control trial of moderate dose vitamin D alters microbiota stability and metabolite networks in healthy adults.Microbiology spectrum · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Effect of early and late prenatal vitamin D and maternal asthma status on offspring asthma or recurrent wheeze.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2021Trial
- Metagenomic analysis of the gut microbiome composition associated with vitamin D supplementation in Taiwanese infants.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Prenatal dietary supplements influence the infant airway microbiota in a randomized factorial clinical trial.Nature communications · 2020Trial
- Fungi form interkingdom microbial communities in the primordial human gut that develop with gestational age.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2019Trial
39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe gut microbiome in infancy influences immune system maturation, and may have an important impact on allergic disease risk.
objectiveWe sought to determine how prenatal and early life factors impact the gut microbiome in a relatively large, ethnically diverse study population of infants at age 3 to 6 months, who were enrolled in Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial, a clinical trial of vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy to prevent asthma and allergies in offspring.
methodsWe performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing on 333 infants' stool samples. Microbial diversity was computed using the Shannon index. Factor analysis applied to the top 25 most abundant taxa revealed 4 underlying bacterial coabundance groups; the first dominated by Firmicutes (Lachnospiraceae/Clostridiales), the second by Proteobacteria (Klebsiella/Enterobacter), the third by Bacteriodetes, and the fourth by Veillonella. Scores for coabundance groups were used as outcomes in regression models, with prenatal/birth and demographic characteristics as independent predictors. Multivariate analysis, using all microbial community members, was also conducted.
resultsWhite race/ethnicity was associated with lower diversity but higher Bacteroidetes coabundance scores. C-section birth was associated with higher diversity, but decreased Bacteroidetes coabundance scores. Firmicutes scores were higher for infants born by C-section. Breast-fed infants had lower proportions of Clostridiales. Cord blood vitamin D was linked to increased Lachnobacterium, but decreased Lactococcus.
conclusionsThe findings presented here suggest that race, mode of delivery, breast-feeding, and cord blood vitamin D levels are associated with infant gut microbiome composition, with possible long-term implications for immune system modulation and asthma/allergic disease incidence.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.