Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27744533›Full record

ArticleTransgenic research2017

Zygote injection of CRISPR/Cas9 RNA successfully modifies the target gene without delaying blastocyst development or altering the sex ratio in pigs.

Kristin M Whitworth, Joshua A Benne, Lee D Spate, Stephanie L Murphy, Melissa S Samuel, Clifton N Murphy, Jürgen A Richt, Eric Walters, Randall S Prather, Kevin D Wells

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Transgenic research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
41citing papers in PubMed
3.3field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

41 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Pig Genome Editing for Agriculture: Achievements and Challenges.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Gene Editing for Enhanced Swine Production: Current Advances and Prospects.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Development and Initial Characterization of Pigs withbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024
    Article
  13. Gene editing of pigs to control influenza A virus infections.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Pigs lackingFrontiers in genome editing · 2023
    Article
  16. Review
  17. Chloride channel accessory 1 gene deficiency causes selective loss of mucus production in a new pig model.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2022
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Limited Expansion of Human Hepatocytes in FAH/Tissue engineering. Part A · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Kristin M WhitworthDivision of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, 920 East Campus Dr., E125D ASRC, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
Joshua A BenneDivision of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, 920 East Campus Dr., E125D ASRC, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
Lee D SpateDivision of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, 920 East Campus Dr., E125D ASRC, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
Stephanie L MurphyDivision of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, 920 East Campus Dr., E125D ASRC, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
Melissa S SamuelDivision of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, 920 East Campus Dr., E125D ASRC, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
Clifton N MurphyDivision of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, 920 East Campus Dr., E125D ASRC, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
Jürgen A RichtCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA.
Eric WaltersNational Swine Research and Resource Center, University of Missouri, 920 East Campus Dr., E125D ASRC, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
Randall S PratherDivision of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, 920 East Campus Dr., E125D ASRC, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA. PratherR@Missouri.edu.
Kevin D WellsDivision of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, 920 East Campus Dr., E125D ASRC, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
The Graduate Center, CUNY · USUniversity of Missouri · USKansas State University · US

Funding

Resource Core for National Swine Resource and Research Center (NSRRC) Years 21-25U42OD011140 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA · PI RANDALL S PRATHER · 2012 to 2026
$26.7M
NIAID NIH HHS HHSN266200700005CNIH HHS U42 OD011140
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing tool has increased the efficiency of creating genetically modified pigs for use as biomedical or agricultural models. The objectives were to determine if DNA editing resulted in a delay in development to the blastocyst stage or in a skewing of the sex ratio. Six DNA templates (gBlocks) that were designed to express guide RNAs that target the transmembrane protease, serine S1, member 2 (TMPRSS2) gene were in vitro transcribed. Pairs of CRISPR guide RNAs that flanked the start codon and polyadenylated Cas9 were co-injected into the cytoplasm of zygotes and cultured in vitro to the blastocyst stage. Blastocysts were collected as they formed on days 5, 6 or 7. PCR was performed to determine genotype and sex of each embryo. Separately, embryos were surgically transferred into recipient gilts on day 4 of estrus. The rate of blastocyst development was not significantly different between CRISPR injection embryos or the non-injected controls at day 5, 6 or 7 (p = 0.36, 0.09, 0.63, respectively). Injection of three CRISPR sets of guides resulted in a detectable INDEL in 92-100 % of the embryos analyzed. There was not a difference in the number of edits or sex ratio of male to female embryos when compared between days 5, 6 and 7 to the controls (p > 0.22, >0.85). There were 12 resulting piglets and all 12 had biallelic edits of TMRPSS2. Zygote injection with CRISPR/Cas9 continues to be a highly efficient tool to genetically modify pig embryos.

Indexed as

AnimalsAnimals, Genetically ModifiedBlastocystCRISPR-Cas SystemsEmbryonic DevelopmentGene TargetingRNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas SystemsSex RatioSwineZygoteRNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas SystemsCRISPR/Cas9DNA editinggBlockZygote injection

Identifiers

PMID27744533
PMCPMC5247313
OpenAlexW2530771665

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.