Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27738725›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society2017

Evolution of severe trauma in Estonia comparing early versus established independence of the state.

S Saar, M Sokirjanski, L K Junkin, J Laos, A L Laar, I Merioja, U Lepner, L Kukk, A Remmelgas, T Asser and 3 more

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Article in European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact, top 82% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

S SaarSchool of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
M SokirjanskiSchool of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
L K JunkinSchool of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
J LaosSchool of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
A L LaarSchool of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
I MeriojaSchool of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
U LepnerSchool of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
L KukkDepartment of Surgery, North Estonia Medical Center, J. Sütiste tee 19, 13419, Tallinn, Estonia.
A RemmelgasDepartment of Anaesthesiology, North Estonia Medical Center, Tallinn, Estonia.
T AsserSchool of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
K InnosDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia.
J StarkopfSchool of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
P TalvingSchool of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia. peep.talving@regionaalhaigla.ee.
University of Tartu · EENorth Estonia Medical Centre · EENational Institute for Health Development · EETartu University Hospital · EE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTrauma mechanisms and patterns of severe injuries during the Estonian independence have not been evaluated. The aim of the study was to compare the incidence and outcomes of severe injuries between time periods of early independence from the Soviet Union and the present time.

methodsAfter the ethics review board approval, all adult trauma admissions to major trauma facilities in 1993-1994 and 2013-2014 with Injury Severity Score >15 were identified. Data collection included demographics, injury severity variables, interventions, and in-hospital outcomes. Primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included incidence of penetrating trauma, hospital length of stay (HLOS), and in-hospital complications. Primary outcome difference comparing the two time segments was determined using logistic regression analysis.

resultsA total of 1064 patients were included, 593 and 471 from 1993-1994 to 2013-2014, respectively. Incidence of penetrating trauma during 1993-1994 was 11.1 % and in 2013-2014 at 6.4 % (p = 0.007). Gunshot injuries constituted 62.1 and 23.3 % of all penetrating trauma in 1993-1994 and 2013-2014, respectively (p < 0.001). The overall mean HLOS was 15.5 ± 19.8 days and did not differ between the periods. The rate of adjusted complications showed a trend for a decreased incidence (adj. p = 0.064). Adjusted mortality rate was 50.3 and 16.4 % during 1993-1994 and 2013-2014, respectively (adj. OR 7.01; 95 % CI 4.69-10.47; p < 0.001).

conclusionsEffective law enforcement, gun control, evolution of trauma system, and reduction of interpersonal violence have all contributed to a significant decrease in penetrating trauma incidence and all-cause adjusted mortality during the 20 years of Estonian independence.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAge FactorsEstoniaFemaleGovernmentHospital MortalityHumansIncidenceInjury Severity ScoreMaleMiddle AgedTrauma CentersWounds, GunshotIndependenceMortalitySevere trauma

Identifiers

PMID27738725
OpenAlexW2531748812

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.