ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2017
Late Relapse Versus Hepatitis C Virus Reinfection in Patients With Sustained Virologic Response After Sofosbuvir-Based Therapies.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hepatitis C Reinfection in People Who Inject Drugs in Resource-Limited Countries: A Systematic Review and Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Hepatitis C Guidance 2019 Update: American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases-Infectious Diseases Society of America Recommendations for Testing, Managing, and Treating Hepatitis C Virus Infection.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2020Guideline
- Hepatitis C Virus and Type 2 Diabetes: Mechanisms, Clinical Impact, and Post-DAA Management.Journal of medical virology · 2026Review
- Article
- Hepatitis A to E in People with HIV: A Virus-Specific Review of Prevention and Treatment.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Review
- 2025 KASL clinical practice guidelines for management of hepatitis C.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2026Article
- Multiple Approaches to Genetic Sequencing to Identify Hepatitis C Virus Reinfection Among People Who Inject Drugs.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Hepatitis C-Everything a Primary Care Physician Needs to Know About Diagnosis, Management, and Follow-Up.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Unsuccessful Direct Acting Antiviral Hepatitis C Treatment Among People With HIV: Findings From an International Cohort.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025Article
- Expression Profiling of the Tripartite Motif Family Genes in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients.ACS omega · 2023Article
- Hepatitis C: recent advances and practical management.Frontline gastroenterology · 2023Review
- Hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatitis C virus infection and miRNA involvement: Perspectives for new therapeutic approaches.World journal of gastroenterology · 2022Review
- Population-level estimates of hepatitis C reinfection post scale-up of direct-acting antivirals among people who inject drugs.Journal of hepatology · 2022Article
- Persistence of Cryoglobulinemic Vasculitis after DAA Induced HCV Cure.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Hepatitis C virus: A critical approach to who really needs treatment.World journal of hepatology · 2022Review
- Continued Low Rates of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Recurrence in HCV/HIV- and HCV-Infected Participants Who Achieved Sustained Virologic Response After Direct-Acting Antiviral Treatment: Final Results From the AIDS Clinical Trials Group A5320 Viral Hepatitis C Infection Long-term Cohort Study (V-HICS).Open forum infectious diseases · 2021Article
- The risk of hepatitis C virus recurrence in hepatitis C virus-infected patients treated with direct-acting antivirals after achieving a sustained virological response: A comprehensive analysis.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2021Article
- Late Relapse and Reinfection in HCV Patients Treated with Direct-Acting Antiviral (DAA) Drugs.Viruses · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe development of direct-acting antivirals in recent years has dramatically enhanced rates of viral eradication to >90% in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. To determine true treatment efficacy and define the most appropriate retreatment, it is important to distinguish virologic relapse from reinfection when patients in whom HCV is eradicated during treatment become infected with a new HCV strain after treatment.
methodsWe investigated the prevalence of late recurrent viremia (patients with sustained virologic response 12 weeks after the end of treatment but detectable HCV RNA at follow-up week 24) and used refined phylogenetic analysis of multiple HCV genes to distinguish virologic relapse from reinfection.
resultsAcross 11 phase 3 clinical trials of ledipasvir-sofosbuvir (SOF) and SOF, only 12 of 3004 patients had detectable HCV RNA following sustained virologic response 12 weeks after the end of treatment. Of these 12 patients with late recurrent viremia, 11 had the same HCV genotype/subtype at baseline and at recurrence. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that 58% (7 of 12) of these patients were successfully treated with the SOF-based regimen, with HCV eradication achieved, but became reinfected with a different HCV strain after treatment. The remaining 5 patients with late recurrent viremia had virologic relapse in which the HCV present at baseline persisted in the liver or another compartment and reemerged in the blood 24 weeks after treatment.
conclusionsThe incidence of late recurrent viremia was low. Distinguishing reinfection from virologic relapse has implications for determining true treatment efficiency and selecting optimal retreatment strategies.
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