SynthesisJournal of midwifery & women's health2016
Racial Discrimination and Adverse Birth Outcomes: An Integrative Review.
Synthesis in Journal of midwifery & women's health, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 190 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
190 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Examining the Role of Discrimination in Prenatal Care Utilization: A Systematic Review Using the Social-Ecological Model.Research in nursing & health · 2026Pooled it
- Adverse Birth Outcomes and Maternal Morbidity Among Afro-Latinas and Their Infants: A Systematic Literature Review.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Pooled it
- Racial Discrimination and Multiple Health Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre · 2025Pooled it
- Prenatal stress and externalizing behaviors in childhood and adolescence: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Psychological bulletin · 2024Pooled it
- Parental Preconception Adversity and Offspring Health in African Americans: A Systematic Review of Intergenerational Studies.Trauma, violence & abuse · 2023Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Black People Coping With Racism: Approaches, Analysis, and Empowerment.Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2023Pooled it
- Measures of Racism and Discrimination in Preterm Birth Studies.Obstetrics and gynecology · 2023Pooled it
- Racial discrimination and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ global health · 2022Pooled it
- Impact of Maternal Demographic and Socioeconomic Factors on the Association Between Particulate Matter and Adverse Birth Outcomes: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2021Pooled it
- The Association between Maternal Experiences of Interpersonal Discrimination and Adverse Birth Outcomes: A Systematic Review of the Evidence.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Trial
- Socio-demographic factors related to parent engagement in the NICU and the impact of the SENSE program.Early human development · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Discrimination and risk of spontaneous abortion in a preconception cohort study.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2026Article
- The Association Between Experiencing Racial Discrimination and Delivery Method Among Women in the United States, PRAMS 2016-2021.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Racial and Ethnic Differences in Nonresponse Rate to Experiences of Discrimination: A Secondary Analysis of the nuMoM2b Dataset.Research in nursing & health · 2026Article
- "They Don't Respect Black Women": Narrating a Young Black Woman's Harrowing Birthing Experience.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Implementation Barriers to Incorporating a Community-Based Doula Program to Improve Birth Outcomes for Black Patients in an Academic Medical Center.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Allostatic Load, Neighborhood Disadvantage, and Birth Outcomes.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Experiences of Racism and Risk of Preeclampsia in the Black Women's Health Study.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2026Article
130 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThis article presents an integrative review of the literature examining the relationship between racial discrimination and adverse birth outcomes.
methodsSearches for research studies published from 2009 to 2015 were conducted using PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Embase. Articles were assessed for potential inclusion using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2009 framework.
resultsFifteen studies met criteria for review. The majority of the studies found a significant relationship between racial discrimination and low birth weight, preterm birth, and small for gestational age. Each of the studies that examined more proximal variables related to birth outcomes such as entry into prenatal care, employment opportunities, neighborhood characteristics, or inflammatory markers found significant associations between the specific variables examined and racial discrimination. Participants in qualitative studies discussed experiences of institutional racism with regard to several components of prenatal care including access and quality of care. DISCUSSION: Racial discrimination is a significant risk factor for adverse birth outcomes. To best understand the mechanisms by which racial discrimination impacts birth outcomes, and to inform the development of effective interventions that eliminate its harmful effects on health, longitudinal research that incorporates comprehensive measures of racial discrimination is needed. Health care providers must fully acknowledge and address the psychosocial factors that impact health outcomes in minority racial/ethnic women.
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