ReviewNature reviews. Rheumatology2016
The danger from within: alarmins in arthritis.
Review in Nature reviews. Rheumatology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04399382 (A Clinical Study Using Damage-associated Molecular Pattern and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient to Evaluate the Efficacy of Biologics for Treating Spondyloarthritis), which is not on this map. Cited by 75 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Clinical Study Using Damage-associated Molecular Pattern and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient to Evaluate the Efficacy of Biologics for Treating Spondyloarthritis
Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 153 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuroimmune expression in hip osteoarthritis: a systematic review.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2017Pooled it
- Effects of photobiomodulation and a physical exercise program on the expression of inflammatory and cartilage degradation biomarkers and functional capacity in women with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized blinded study.Advances in rheumatology (London, England) · 2021Trial
- Complement, coagulation and NET pathway activation underlies early host response to blowfly (Lucilia cuprina) infestation.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Novel Biomaterial-Based Synovial Fluid Analysis Reveals Protective microRNA Signatures in a Mouse Model of Acute Synovitis-Driven Osteoarthritis.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- Targeted delivery of curcumin based on nanocarriers: potential therapeutic strategies for noninfectious arthritis.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Association of VDR BsmI polymorphism and vitamin D status with osteoarthritis susceptibility.BMC medical genomics · 2026Article
- Cell Death in Orthodontic Tooth Movement: Recent Advances and Emerging Insights.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Association between novel inflammatory indices and osteoporosis among older adults: evidence from a large multicenter study in China.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Neonatal bone marrow interstitial fluid supports expansion and osteogenic ability of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells.Bone research · 2025Article
- Nanotechnology-driven strategies for gene therapy of arthritis.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Crosstalk between lymphatic system and synovial inflammatory cells in osteoarthritis: molecular mechanisms and potential cell-based therapies.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- HMGB1 as an emerging key modulator of bone remodeling: a narrative review.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Review
- Chondrocyte lysates activate NLRP3 inflammasome-induced pyroptosis in synovial fibroblasts to exacerbate knee synovitis by downregulating caveolin-1.Arthritis research & therapy · 2025Article
- Interplay between lipid dysregulation and ferroptosis in chondrocytes and the targeted therapy effect of metformin on osteoarthritis.Journal of advanced research · 2025Article
- Pyroptosis: candidate key targets for mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes for the treatment of bone-related diseases.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Review
- Functions of Macrophages, T Cells, and Neutrophils in the Synovial Microenvironment of Osteoarthritis.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Review
- Innate Immunity and Synovitis: Key Players in Osteoarthritis Progression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Causal Relationships between Circulating Immune Cell Traits and the Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.Iranian journal of public health · 2024Article
- The role of obesity and adipose tissue dysfunction in osteoarthritis pain.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2024Review
- Nanotechnology-empowered combination therapy for rheumatoid arthritis: principles, strategies, and challenges.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Review
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Alarmins (also known as danger signals) are endogenous molecules that are released to the extracellular milieu after infection or tissue damage. Extracellular alarmins interact with specific receptors expressed by cells that are engaged in host defence to stimulate signalling pathways that result in initiation of innate and adaptive immune responses, triggering inflammation or tissue repair. Alarmins are considered to be markers of destructive processes that occur in degenerative joint diseases (primarily osteoarthritis (OA)) and chronic inflammatory joint diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and spondylarthropathy). In OA, high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) and S100 proteins, along with many other alarmins, are abundantly secreted by joint cells, promoting cartilage matrix catabolism, osteophyte formation, angiogenesis and hypertrophic differentiation. The involvement of alarmins in chronic inflammatory arthritides is suggested by their presence in serum at high levels in these conditions, and their expression within inflamed synovia and synovial fluid. S100 proteins, HMGB1, IL-33 and other endogenous molecules have deleterious effects on joints, and can recruit immune cells such as dendritic cells to inflamed synovia, initiating the adaptive immune response and perpetuating disease. Improving our understanding of the pathological mechanisms associated with these danger signals is important to enable the targeting of new therapeutic approaches for arthritis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.