ArticleThe American journal of clinical nutrition2016
Dietary glycemic index, glycemic load, and refined carbohydrates are associated with risk of stroke: a prospective cohort study in urban Chinese women.
Article in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Carbohydrate Intake and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Associations of Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load with Cardiovascular Disease: Updated Evidence from Meta-analysis and Cohort Studies.Current cardiology reports · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled incidence and case-fatality of acute stroke in Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Macao: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- Glycemic index, glycemic load, and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2019Pooled it
- Insulin resistance mediate the association between leucine intake, dietary glycemic index, and type 2 diabetes in secondary cardiovascular prevention: path analysis from Brazilian cardioprotective nutritional (BALANCE) program.European journal of nutrition · 2025Trial
- A high-glycemic diet is associated with cerebral amyloid burden in cognitively normal older adults.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2017Trial
- Estimates of the Dietary Glycemic Index and Load in a Representative Sample of the Greek Population.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Associations of low-carb diets with glycaemic control and diabetic complications among adult Ghanaians: the RODAM study.European journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Improving Sleep Quality to Enhance Athletic Activity-The Role of Nutrition and Supplementation: A Mini-Short Review.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Uncovering Causal Links Between Dietary Habits and Cardiovascular Diseases.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Association of dietary carbohydrate intake with risk of mortality in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a multicenter prospective cohort study.Clinical kidney journal · 2025Article
- Commentary on association of glycemic index and glycemic load with type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all-cause mortality.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2024Article
- Association between dietary inflammatory index and Stroke in the US population: evidence from NHANES 1999-2018.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Article
- Perspective: Does Glycemic Index Matter for Weight Loss and Obesity Prevention? Examination of the Evidence on "Fast" Compared with "Slow" Carbs.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Article
- Cholesterol and Egg Intakes with Cardiometabolic and All-Cause Mortality among Chinese and Low-Income Black and White Americans.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Nutritional Impact on Metabolic Homeostasis and Brain Health.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Review
- Dietary patterns and cardiovascular disease risk among Chinese adults: a prospective cohort study.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2020Article
- Dietary Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load in Relation to Atherosclerotic Stenosis of Carotid and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Ischemic Stroke Patients.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2020Article
- Effect of Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load on Atherosclerotic Stenosis and Stroke.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEpidemiologic evidence on dietary carbohydrates and stroke risk remains controversial. Very few prospective cohort studies have been conducted in Asian populations, who usually consume a high-carbohydrate diet and have a high burden of stroke.
objectiveWe examined dietary glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), and intakes of refined and total carbohydrates in relation to risks of total, ischemic, and hemorrhagic stroke and stroke mortality.
designThis study included 64,328 Chinese women, aged 40-70 y, with no history of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, or cancer. A validated, interviewer-administered food-frequency questionnaire was used to assess usual dietary intakes at baseline and during follow-up. Incident stroke cases and deaths were identified via follow-up interviews and death registries and were confirmed by review of medical records and death certificates.
resultsDuring mean follow-ups of 10 y for stroke incidence and 12 y for stroke mortality, we ascertained 2991 stroke cases (2750 ischemic and 241 hemorrhagic) and 609 stroke deaths. After potential confounders were controlled for, we observed significant positive associations of dietary GI and GL with total stroke risk; multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) for high compared with low levels (90th compared with 10th percentile) were 1.19 (1.04, 1.36) for GI and 1.27 (1.04, 1.54) for GL (both P-linearity < 0.05 and P-overall significance < 0.05). Similar linear associations were found for ischemic stroke, but the associations with hemorrhagic stroke appeared to be J-shaped. Similar trends of positive associations with stroke risks were suggested for refined carbohydrates but not for total carbohydrates. No significant associations were found for stroke mortality after multivariable adjustment.
conclusionOur results suggest that high dietary GI and GL, primarily due to high intakes of refined grains, are associated with increased risks of total, ischemic, and hemorrhagic stroke in middle-aged and older urban Chinese women.
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