Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27733248›Full record

Trial reportMetabolism: clinical and experimental2016

Effects of diet composition on weight loss, metabolic factors and biomarkers in a 1-year weight loss intervention in obese women examined by baseline insulin resistance status.

Cheryl L Rock, Shirley W Flatt, Bilge Pakiz, Elizabeth L Quintana, Dennis D Heath, Brinda K Rana, Loki Natarajan

Registry-linked trialOpen access · greenAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01424007 (Diet Composition and Genetics), which is not on this map. Cited by 40 papers, 13 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed, 13 pooled it
10.0field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01424007 nacompletednot on this map

Diet Composition and Genetics: Effects on Weight, Inflammation and Biomarkers

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of California, San DiegoRan2011 to 2016Enrolled245ConditionsObese, NondiabeticArmsWeight loss
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 13 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Cheryl L RockDepartment of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. Electronic address: clrock@ucsd.edu.
Shirley W FlattDepartment of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Bilge PakizDepartment of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Elizabeth L QuintanaDepartment of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Dennis D HeathDepartment of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Brinda K RanaDepartment of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Loki NatarajanDepartment of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
University of California, San Diego · US

Funding

UCSD Biorepository Shared ResourceU54CA155435 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI PATTERSON, RUTH E · 2011 to 2015
$9.1M
NCI NIH HHS U54 CA155435
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundObesity is a risk factor for postmenopausal breast cancer incidence and premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer mortality, which may be explained by several metabolic and hormonal factors (sex hormones, insulin resistance, and inflammation) that are biologically related. Differential effects of dietary composition on weight loss and these metabolic factors may occur in insulin-sensitive vs. insulin-resistant obese women.

objectiveTo examine the effect of diet composition on weight loss and metabolic, hormonal and inflammatory factors in overweight/obese women stratified by insulin resistance status in a 1-year weight loss intervention. METHODS AND

resultsNondiabetic women who were overweight/obese (n=245) were randomly assigned to a lower fat (20% energy), higher carbohydrate (65% energy) diet; a lower carbohydrate (45% energy), higher fat (35% energy) diet; or a walnut-rich (18% energy), higher fat (35% energy), lower carbohydrate (45% energy) diet. All groups lost weight at follow-up (P<0.0001), with mean (SEM) percent loss of 9.2(1.1)% in lower fat, 6.5(0.9)% in lower carbohydrate, and 8.2(1.0)% in walnut-rich groups at 12months. The diet×time×insulin resistance status interaction was not statistically significant in the model for overall weight loss, although insulin sensitive women at 12months lost more weight in the lower fat vs. lower carbohydrate group (7.5kg vs. 4.3kg, P=0.06), and in the walnut-rich vs. lower carbohydrate group (8.1kg vs. 4.3kg, P=0.04). Sex hormone binding globulin increased within each group except in the lower carbohydrate group at 12months (P<0.01). C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 decreased at follow-up in all groups (P<0.01).

conclusionsFindings provide some support for differential effects of diet composition on weight loss depending on insulin resistance status. Prescribing walnuts is associated with weight loss comparable to a standard lower fat diet in a behavioral weight loss intervention. Weight loss itself may be the most critical factor for reducing the chronic inflammation associated with increased breast cancer risk and progression.

Indexed as

Diet, ReducingInsulin ResistanceObesityWeight LossBiomarkersC-Reactive ProteinDietary CarbohydratesDietary FatsFollow-Up StudiesHormonesHumansInflammation MediatorsInterleukin-6JuglansSex Hormone-Binding GlobulinBiomarkersC-Reactive ProteinDietary CarbohydratesDietary FatsHormonesIL6 protein, humanInflammation MediatorsInterleukin-6Sex Hormone-Binding GlobulinBreast cancerDiet compositionInsulin resistanceWalnutsWeight loss

Identifiers

PMID27733248
PMCPMC5802865
OpenAlexW2496612502

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.