Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27733148›Full record

ArticleBMC cancer2016

Time trend analysis of primary liver cancer incidence in Sihui county of Guangdong Province, China (1987-2011).

Wenyi Liu, Qing Liu, Qihong Huang, Yuqiang Lu, Shanghang Xie, Aihua Lin, Sumei Cao

Open access · goldAbstract readHistorical Article
In one paragraph

Article in BMC cancer, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 22% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. The changing epidemiology of liver diseases in the Asia-Pacific region.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2019
    Review
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Wenyi LiuDepartment of Cancer Prevention Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center Medicine, 21 Qingcaigang, Jianshe 6 road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Qing LiuDepartment of Cancer Prevention Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center Medicine, 21 Qingcaigang, Jianshe 6 road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Qihong HuangSihui Cancer Institute, Sihui, Guangdong, China.
Yuqiang LuSihui Cancer Institute, Sihui, Guangdong, China.
Shanghang XieDepartment of Cancer Prevention Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center Medicine, 21 Qingcaigang, Jianshe 6 road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Aihua LinSchool of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2 road, Guangzhou, China. linaihua@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
Sumei CaoDepartment of Cancer Prevention Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center Medicine, 21 Qingcaigang, Jianshe 6 road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. caosm@sysucc.org.cn.
Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center · CNSouth China Institute of Collaborative Innovation · CNSun Yat-sen University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSouthern China is an endemic area for primary liver cancer (PLC), but it is unclear if rates have changed in recent decades. We evaluated PLC incidence and estimated the effects of age, period of diagnosis, and birth cohort in Sihui City, Guangdong Province, China.

methodsAge-standardized rates (ASRs) of PLC were examined for both males and females from 1987 to 2011. Joinpoint regression analysis was conducted to estimate the annual percent changes in PLC incidence. The age-period-cohort (APC) model was used to investigate the effects of age, diagnosis period, and birth cohort on the relative risk (RR) of PLC.

resultsA total of 2988 PLC cases were identified in this period, with average ASRs of 51.1/100,000 for males and 11.7/100,000 for females. Joinpoint regression analysis revealed increasing PLC incidence throughout the entire period in both males (average annual change of 1.65 %) and females (0.20 %). RRs increased gradually in both sexes from the youngest age group (30-34 years) to the oldest (80-84 years). In males, the RR decreased during diagnosis period from 1987-1991 to 1997-2001 and remained stable thereafter. In females, RRs fluctuated with diagnosis period throughout the entire period. Incidence tended to increase with birth cohort from 1905-1909 to 1975-1979 in both males and females; however, female incidence plateaued in the youngest cohorts born between 1955 and 1974, while incidence in males increased sharply in the cohorts born between 1965 and 1974. According to APC analysis, the full age-period-cohort (APC) model fit the data best, and the period-cohort (PC) model would be enough to explain variability of rates in females.

conclusionThe PLC incidence rate in males of Sihui City has increased more significantly than female over the last 25 years. Despite the age effect in male, this trend mainly reflects the effects of risk factors that are present in early life (birth cohort) and period change in both genders.

Indexed as

Population SurveillanceChinaFemaleHistory, 20th CenturyHistory, 21st CenturyHumansIncidenceLiver NeoplasmsMaleMiddle AgedRegistriesRiskAge-period-cohort modelIncidence trendJoinpoint regression analysisPrimary liver cancer

Identifiers

PMID27733148
PMCPMC5062930
OpenAlexW2529950282

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.